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Enzymes of Inorganic Polyphosphate Metabolism

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology book series (PMSB, volume 54)

Abstract

Inorganic polyphosphate (PolyP) is a linear polymer containing a few to several hundred orthophosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. Investigation of PolyP-metabolizing enzymes is important for medicine, because PolyPs perform numerous functions in the cells. In human organism, PolyPs are involved in the regulation of Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria, bone tissue development, and blood coagulation. The essentiality of polyphosphate kinases in the virulence of pathogenic bacteria is a basis for the discovery of new antibiotics. The properties of the major enzymes of PolyP metabolism, first of all polyphosphate kinases and exopolyphosphatases, are described in the review. The main differences between the enzymes of PolyP biosynthesis and utilization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the multiple functions of some enzymes of PolyP metabolism, are considered.

Keywords

Amino Acid Starvation Phosphate Residue Polyphosphate Kinase Phosphoryl Donor Ppk1 Gene 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors were supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant 11-04-01009). We thank E. Makeeva for her help with preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of MicroorganismsRussian Academy of SciencesPushchinoRussia

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