Skip to main content

Network Architectures and Standards

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Art of Wireless Sensor Networks

Part of the book series: Signals and Communication Technology ((SCT))

  • 2696 Accesses

Abstract

Wireless sensor network is composed of a collection of sensor nodes that sense the physical phenomena for further analysis purposes. ZigBee, WirelessHART, 6LoWPAN and ISA.100.11a are some of the wireless sensor network technologies that are presented throughout this chapter with the details of their network structure, protocol layers, key characteristics and application areas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. K. Al Agha, M.-H. Bertin, T. Dang, A. Guitton, P. Minet, T. Val, J.-B. Viollet, which wireless technology for industrial wireless sensor networks? the development of OCARI technology. IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron. 56(10), 4266–4278 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. Alcaraz, J. Lopez, A security analysis for wireless sensor mesh networks in highly critical systems. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 40(4), 419–428 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  3. A.S. Altaan, Effects of sensor properties on power consumption in wireless sensor network. in Computer Research and Development, 2010 Second International Conference on, pp. 335–339, 7–10 May 2010

    Google Scholar 

  4. A. Ashraf, M. Hashmani, B.S. Chowdhry, M. Mussadiq, Q. Gee, A.Q.K. Rajput, Design and analysis of the security assessment framework for achieving discrete security values in wireless sensor networks. in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2008. CCECE 2008. Canadian Conference on, pp. 000855–000860, 4–7 May 2008

    Google Scholar 

  5. P. Baronti, P. Pillai, V.W.C. Chook, S. Chessa, A. Gotta, Y. Fun Hu, Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state of the art and the 802.15.4 and ZigBee standards. Comput. Commun. (ScienceDirect) 30(7), 1655–1695 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. C.-Y. Chang, D. Shiu; Power consumption optimization for information exchange in wireless-relay sensor networks. in Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 745–750, 10–15 June 2012

    Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Chengbo, C. Yanzhe, L. Zhang, Y. Shuqiang, ZigBee wireless sensor network in environmental monitoring applications. WiCom ’09. in 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, pp. 1–5, 24–26 Sept 2009

    Google Scholar 

  8. K. Collins, S. Mangold, G.-M. Muntean, Supporting mobile devices with wireless LAN/MAN in large controlled environments. IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(12), 36–43 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. De Nardis, M.-G. Di Benedetto, Overview of the IEEE 802.15.4/4a standards for low data rate Wireless Personal Data Networks. in Positioning, Navigation and Communication, 2007. WPNC ’07. 4th Workshop on, pp. 285–289, 22–22 March 2007

    Google Scholar 

  10. R. Dutta, S. Mukhopadhyay, Improved self-healing key distribution with revocation in wireless sensor network. in Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2007. WCNC 2007. IEEE, pp. 2963–2968, 11–15 March 2007

    Google Scholar 

  11. A.R. Dutta, B.S. Saha, C.A.K. Mukhopadhyay, Efficient clustering techniques to optimize the system lifetime in Wireless Sensor Network. in Advances in Engineering, Science and Management (ICAESM), 2012 International Conference on, pp. 679–683, 30–31 March 2012

    Google Scholar 

  12. G.K. Ee, C.K. Ng, N.K. Noordin, B.M. Ali, Path recovery mechanism in 6LoWPAN routing. in International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE), pp. 1–5, 11–12 May 2010

    Google Scholar 

  13. P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, D. Marioli, S. Rinaldi, E. Sisinni, On the implementation and performance assessment of a wirelessHART distributed packet analyzer. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 59(5), 1342–1352 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Forbes, White paper, ISA100 and wireless standards convergence, http://www.isa100wci.org/News-Room/Articles-and-Technical-Papers

  15. L. Gang, B. Krishnamachari, C.S. Raghavendra, Performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC for low-rate low-power wireless networks. in Performance, Computing, and Communications, 2004 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 701–706, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  16. K. Gill, Y. Shuang-Hua, Y. Fang, L. Xin, A zigbee-based home automation system. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 55(2), 422–430 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  17. C. Gomez, J. Paradells, Wireless home automation networks: a survey of architectures and technologies. IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(6), 92–101 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Granjal, E. Monteiro, J. Sa Silva, Enabling network-layer security on IPv6 wireless sensor networks. in Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 2010), 2010 IEEE, pp. 1–6, 6–10 Dec 2010

    Google Scholar 

  19. S. Han, B. Tian, M. He, E. Chang, Efficient threshold self-healing key distribution with sponsorization for infrastructureless wireless networks. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 8(4), 1876–1887 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. T. Hasegawa, H. Hayashi, T. Kitai, H. Sasajima, Industrial wireless standardization scope and implementation of ISA SP100 standard. in SICE Annual Conference (SICE), 2011 Proceedings of, pp. 2059–2064, 13–18 Sept 2011

    Google Scholar 

  21. M. Healy, T. Newe, E. Lewis, Power management in operating systems for wireless sensor nodes. in Sensors Applications Symposium, 2007. SAS ’07. IEEE, pp. 1–6, 6–8 Feb 2007

    Google Scholar 

  22. A.A.O.A.L. Hester, Y. Huang, Neurfon netform: a self-organizing wireless sensor network. in 11th IEEE ICCCN Conference, Oct 2002

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hitachi global. http://www.hitachi.com/

  24. E. Holohan, M. Schukat, Authentication using virtual certificate authorities: a new security paradigm for wireless sensor networks. in Network Computing and Applications (NCA), 2010 9th IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 92–99, 15–17 July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  25. http://www.zigbee.org/About/AboutAlliance/TheAlliance.aspx

  26. http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications.aspx

  27. http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications/ZigBee/Overview.aspx

  28. J. Hui, M. Devetsikiotis, The use of metamodeling for VoIP over WiFi capacity evaluation (Transactions Letters). IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 7(1), 1–5 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  29. J.W. Hui, D.E. Culler, Extending IP to low power, wireless personal area networks. IEEE Internet Comput. 12(4), 37–45 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. M.Z. Huq, S. Islam, Home area network technology assessment for demand response in smart grid environment. in Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 20th Australasian, pp. 1–6, 5–8 Dec 2010

    Google Scholar 

  31. C. Karlof, D. Wagner, Secure routing in wireless sensor networks: attacks and countermeasures. in Sensor Network Protocols and Applications, 2003. Proceedings of the First IEEE. 2003 IEEE International Workshop on, pp. 113–127, 11 May 2003

    Google Scholar 

  32. A.N. Kim, F. Hekland, S. Petersen, P. Doyle, When HART goes wireless: Understanding and implementing the wirelessHART standard, emerging technologies and factory automation. in ETFA 2008. IEEE International Conference on, pp. 899–907, 15–18 Sept 2008

    Google Scholar 

  33. M. Knight, Wireless security How safe is Z-wave? Comput. Control. Eng. J. 17(6), 18–23 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  34. J.-S. Lee, C.-C. Chuang, C.-C. Shen, Applications of short-range wireless technologies to industrial automation: a ZigBee approach. in Telecommunications, 2009. AICT ’09. Fifth Advanced International Conference on, pp. 15–20, 24–28 May 2009

    Google Scholar 

  35. J.-S. Lee, Y.-W. Su, C.-C. Shen, A comparative study of wireless protocols: Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi. IECON 2007. in 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 46–51, 5–8 Nov 2007

    Google Scholar 

  36. J. Li, X. Zhu, N. Tang, J. Sui, Study on ZigBee network architecture and routing algorithm. in Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS), 2010 2nd International Conference on, vol. 2, pp. V2-389–V2-393, 5–7 July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  37. S. Lin, J. Liu, Y. Fang, ZigBee based wireless sensor networks and its applications in industrial. in IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics, pp. 1979–1983, 18–21 Aug 2007

    Google Scholar 

  38. A. Liu, P. Ning, TinyECC: a configurable library for elliptic curve cryptography in wireless sensor networks. in Information Processing in Sensor Networks, 2008. IPSN ’08. International Conference on, pp. 245–256, 22–24 April 2008

    Google Scholar 

  39. C.-W. Lu, S.-C. Li, Q. Wu, Interconnecting ZigBee and 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks for smart grid applications. in 2011 Fifth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST), pp. 267–272, Nov 28 2011–Dec 1 2011

    Google Scholar 

  40. J. Ma, M. Gao, Q. Zhang, L.M. Ni, Energy-efficient localized topology control algorithms in IEEE 802.15.4-based sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 18(5), 711–720 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  41. L. Mainetti, L. Patrono, A. Vilei, Evolution of wireless sensor networks towards the Internet of Things: A survey. in Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM), 2011 19th International Conference on, pp. 1–6, 15–17 Sept 2011

    Google Scholar 

  42. I. Muller, J.C. Netto, C.E. Pereira, WirelessHART field devices. IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. 14(6), 20–25 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Nagajothy, S. Radha, Network lifetime enhancement in wireless sensor network using network coding. in Control, Automation, Communication and Energy Conservation, 2009. INCACEC 2009. 2009 International Conference on, pp. 1–4, 4–6 June 2009

    Google Scholar 

  44. Official website of HART communication foundation, http://www.hartcomm.org/protocol/wihart/wireless_technology.html

  45. T.J. Park, Y.J. Chon, D.K. Park, S.H. Hong, BACnet over ZigBee, a new approach to wireless datalink channel for BACnet. in Industrial Informatics, 2007 5th IEEE International Conference on, pp. 33–38, 23–27 June 2007

    Google Scholar 

  46. L. Pengfei, L. Jiakun, N. Luhua, W. Bo, Research and application of ZigBee protocol stack. in 2010 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA), vol. 2, pp. 1031–1034, 13–14 March 2010

    Google Scholar 

  47. C. Perkins, E. Royer, Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing. in 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, 1999, pp. 90–100

    Google Scholar 

  48. S. Petersen, S. Carlsen, WirelessHART Versus ISA100.11a: the format war hits the factory floor. IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag. 5(4), 23–34 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. M. Petrova, J. Riihijarvi, P. Mahonen, S. Labella, Performance study of IEEE 802.15.4 using measurements and simulations. in Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2006. WCNC 2006. IEEE, vol. 1, pp. 487–492, 3–6 April 2006

    Google Scholar 

  50. S. Raza, S. Duquennoy, T. Chung, D. Yazar, T. Voigt, U. Roedig, Securing communication in 6LoWPAN with compressed IPsec. in Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems and Workshops (DCOSS), 2011 International Conference on, pp. 1–8, 27–29 June 2011

    Google Scholar 

  51. S. Raza, T. Voigt, Interconnecting wirelessHART and legacy HART networks. in 2010 6th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems Workshops (DCOSSW), pp. 1–8, 21–23 June 2010

    Google Scholar 

  52. Renesas technology europe. http://eu.renesas.com/

  53. R. Riaz, K.-H. Kim, H.F. Ahmed, Security analysis survey and framework design for IP connected LoWPANs. ISADS ’09. in International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems, pp. 1–6, 23–25 March 2009

    Google Scholar 

  54. M. Saleh, I.A. Khatib, Throughput analysis of WEP security in ad hoc sensor networks. in Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT’05), Dubai, Sept 26–28, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  55. Sensinode. http://www.sensinode.com

  56. Z. Shelby, C. Bormann, 6LoWPAN: the wireless embedded internet. Wiley Series in Communications Networking and Distributed Systems, 2009

    Google Scholar 

  57. E. Shih et al., Physical layer driven protocol and algorithmdesign for energy efficient wireless sensor networks. in Proceedings of MOBICOM, 2001, pp. 272–287

    Google Scholar 

  58. M.-K. Shin, K. Hyoung-Jun, L3 mobility support in large-scale IP-based sensor networks (6LoWPAN). ICACT 2009. in 11th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, vol. 02, pp. 941–945, 15–18 Feb 2009

    Google Scholar 

  59. J. Song, H. Song, A.K. Mok, D. Chen, M. Lucas, M. Nixon, WirelessHART: applying wireless technology in real-time industrial process control. in IEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, RTAS ’08, pp. 377–386, 22–24 April 2008

    Google Scholar 

  60. H. Song, J. Song, X. Zhu, A.K. Mok, D. Chen, M. Nixon, W. Pratt, V. Gondhalekar, Wi-HTest: compliance test suite for Diagnosing Devices in Real-Time WirelessHART Network. RTAS 2009. in 15th IEEE, Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, pp. 327–336, 13–16 April 2009

    Google Scholar 

  61. Technical report, Co-existence of wirelessHART with other wireless technologies, http://www.hartcomm.org/protocol/training/resources/wiHART_resources/CoExistence_WirelessHART_LIT122.pdf

  62. D.S. Tudose, A. Voinescu, M. Petrareanu, A. Bucur, D. Loghin, A. Bostan, N. Tapus, Home automation design using 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks. in Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems and Workshops (DCOSS), 2011 International Conference on, pp. 1–6, 27–29 June 2011

    Google Scholar 

  63. H. Unterassinger, M. Dielacher, M. Flatscher, S. Gruber, G. Kowalczyk, J. Prainsack, T. Herndl, J. Schweighofer, W. Pribyl, A power management unit for ultra-low power wireless sensor networks. in AFRICON, 2011, pp. 1–6, 13–15 Sept 2011

    Google Scholar 

  64. I. Verhamme, Industrial ethernet book, Issue 64/30, http://www.iebmedia.com/index.php

  65. A. Viswanathan, T.E. Boult, Power conservation in ZigBee networks using temporal control. in Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2007. ISWPC ’07. 2nd International Symposium on, 5–7 Feb 2007

    Google Scholar 

  66. A.Y. Wang et al., Energy efficient modulation and MAC for asymmetric RF microsensorsystems. in IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2001, pp. 106–111

    Google Scholar 

  67. W. Wang, G. He, J. Wan, Research on Zigbee wireless communication technology. in Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE), 2011 International Conference on, pp. 1245–1249, 16–18 Sept 2011

    Google Scholar 

  68. Q. Wanzhi, H. Peng, R.J. Evans, An efficient self-healing process for ZigBee sensor networks. in Communications and Information Technologies, 2007. ISCIT ’07. International Symposium on, pp. 1389–1394, 17–19 Oct 2007

    Google Scholar 

  69. G. Wenqi, W.M. Healy, Z. MengChu, ZigBee-wireless mesh networks for building automation and control. in Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC), 2010 International Conference on, pp. 731–736, 10–12 April 2010

    Google Scholar 

  70. White paper, Digi international, http://www.digi.com/pdf/ds_xbeezbmodules.pdf

  71. White paper, Ember, http://www.eet-china.com/ARTICLES/2005OCT/PDF/EM250_DATASHEET.PDF

  72. White paper, freeScale, http://cache.freescale.com/files/rf_if/doc/BRMC1319192FAM.pdf

  73. White paper, Honeywel, https://www.honeywellprocess.com/

  74. White paper, Nivis, http://www.nivis.com/resources/WirelessHART

  75. White paper, vision for the home ZigBee wireless home automation, https://docs.zigbee.org/zigbee-docs/dcn/06-4720.pdf

  76. White paper, ZigBee wireless sensor applications for health, wellness and fitness, https://docs.zigbee.org/zigbee-docs/dcn/09-4962.pdf

  77. Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Wi-Fi direct, frequently asked questions, http://www.wi-fi.org/files/faq_20101021_Wi-Fi_Direct_FAQ.pdf

  78. Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Wi-Fi Direct: Personal, portable Wi-Fi to connect devices anywhere, any time, http://www.wi-fi.org/register.php?file=wp_Wi-Fi_Direct_20101022_Consumer.pdf

  79. J.M. Winter, C. Lima, I. Muller, C.E. Pereira, J.C. Netto, WirelessHART routing analysis software. in Computing System Engineering (SBESC), 2011 Brazilian Symposium on, pp. 96–98, 7–11 Nov 2011

    Google Scholar 

  80. A.D. Wood, J.A. Stankovic, S.H. Son, in JAM: A Jammed-Area Mapping Service for Sensor Networks, 24th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, RTSS 2003, pp. 286–297

    Google Scholar 

  81. Y. Xu, J. Heidemann, D. Estrin, Geography-informed energy conservation for ad hoc routing. in Proceedings of the 7th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. ACM, 2001, pp. 7084

    Google Scholar 

  82. J. Yick, B. Mukherjee, D. Ghosal, Wireless sensor network survey. Comput. Netw. 52(12), 2292–2330 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  83. S. Yong, Z. Yi, W. Jian, Q. Tinggao, Research and implementation of ZigBee networking. in Mechatronics and Automation, 2009. ICMA 2009. International Conference on, pp. 3992–3996, 9–12 Aug 2009

    Google Scholar 

  84. X. Zhang, M. Wei, P. Wang, Y. Kim, Research and implementation of security mechanism in ISA100.11a networks. in Electronic Measurement & Instruments, 2009. ICEMI ’09. 9th International Conference on, pp. 4-716–4-721, 16–19 Aug 2009

    Google Scholar 

  85. M. Zhou, Z.-l. Nie, Analysis and design of ZigBee MAC layers protocol. in 2010 International Conference on Future Information Technology and Management Engineering (FITME), vol. 2, pp. 211–215, 9–10 Oct 2010

    Google Scholar 

  86. Y. Zhou, X. Yang, X. Guo, M. Zhou, L. Wang, A design of greenhouse monitoring & control system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network. in Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, 2007. WiCom 2007. International Conference on, pp. 2563–2567, 21–25 Sept 2007

    Google Scholar 

  87. ZIGBEE sMART eNERGY, http://zigbee.org/Standards/ZigBeeSmartEnergy/

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the insightful comments of the anonymous reviewers which helped improve the quality and presentation of the paper significantly. This work is partially supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) grants 0917089 and 1054935. This work is funded by WiSeMAN Research Lab Department of Computer and Information Science College of Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan-Dearborn.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Habib M. Ammari .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sahin, D., Ammari, H.M. (2014). Network Architectures and Standards. In: Ammari, H. (eds) The Art of Wireless Sensor Networks. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40009-4_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40009-4_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-40008-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-40009-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics