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Symbiotic Endophytes pp 165–193Cite as

Fighting Plant Diseases Through the Application of Bacillus and Pseudomonas Strains

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Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 37))

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) are capable of colonizing plants and influencing their growth by direct or indirect mechanisms. The direct mode of action occurs when metabolites or compounds synthesized by microorganisms are provided to the plant—for example, phytohormones—or when the bacteria facilitate the plant’s uptake of certain nutrients from the environment. In the indirect form of promotion, bacteria protect the plant against phytopathogenic organisms through the induction of systemic resistance and/or by the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds. The use of beneficial microorganisms as biopesticides offers a promising alternative to the use of chemical pesticides and an environmentally friendly strategy for agriculture. The PGPBs most studied and exploited as biocontrol agents are the species of Bacillus and fluorescent Pseudomonas. These strains produce a wide variety of metabolites involved in the biologic control of phytopathogenic fungi—for example, extracellular enzymes, siderophores, antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide, and volatile organic compounds, among others. Antibiosis is one mechanism of biologic control that is well characterized in Bacillus and Pseudomonas strains both genetically and biochemically. Among antibiotics identified in these two genera include the cyclic lipopeptides such surfactin, iturin, and fengycin in the bacilli and phenazines, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, and pyrrolnitrin in the pseudomonads.

This chapter focusses on the ability of these PGPBs to improve plant health in addition to the mechanisms involved in their biocontrol capabilities.

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Acknowledgment

The authors wish to thank Dr. Donald F. Haggerty, a retired career investigator and native English speaker, for editing the final version of the manuscript.

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  1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36-Km 601, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

    Sonia Fischer, Analía Príncipe, Florencia Alvarez, Paula Cordero, Marina Castro, Agustina Godino, Edgardo Jofré & Gladys Mori

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    Ricardo Aroca

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Fischer, S. et al. (2013). Fighting Plant Diseases Through the Application of Bacillus and Pseudomonas Strains. In: Aroca, R. (eds) Symbiotic Endophytes. Soil Biology, vol 37. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39317-4_9

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