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Polymer-Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

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Handbook of Polymernanocomposites. Processing, Performance and Application

Abstract

Fuel cells have gained increasing interest in this realm due to their promising emission-free energy generation capability. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are the most suitable candidates for this purpose due to their wide range of energy generation capability. The polymer membranes used in PEMFCs and DMFCs play vital role in transporting the protons from anode to cathode. Nafion is the most widely used and commercialized membrane for this application at low-temperature and highly humidified conditions. The drawbacks associated with low-temperature PEMFCs (heat and water management, CO catalyst poisoning, and fuel crossover) can be avoided by increasing the operating temperature of the fuel cells. However, the drastic decrease in the conductivity of Nafion above 80 °C and low humidity has paved the path towards the development of new membranes and technologies. Additions of layered silicates to the polymer membranes have been observed to be beneficial in this regard owing to their high hydrophilicity, low cost, easy availability, and barrier property towards fuel crossover. The resulting composite membranes also infer improved mechanical and thermal properties, along with water uptake of the membranes escorting towards superior performance of the nanocomposite membranes at high temperature compared to the virgin membrane.

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Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Converging Research Center Program (2013K000404) through the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea (NRF-2013R1A1A2011608).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BIN Fusion Team, Department of Polymer and Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Ananta Kumar Mishra

  2. Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Tapas Kuila & Joong Hee Lee

  3. Department of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Nam Hoon Kim

  4. Advanced Wind Power Research Center, Department of Polymer and Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Joong Hee Lee

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  1. Ananta Kumar Mishra
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  2. Tapas Kuila
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Correspondence to Joong Hee Lee .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, India

    Jitendra K. Pandey

  2. Department of Future Industry-Oriented Basic Science and Materials, Toyota Technological Institute, Nagoya, Japan

    Kummetha Raghunatha Reddy

  3. Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Amar Kumar Mohanty

  4. Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Manjusri Misra

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Mishra, A.K., Kuila, T., Kim, N.H., Lee, J.H. (2014). Polymer-Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Application. In: Pandey, J., Reddy, K., Mohanty, A., Misra, M. (eds) Handbook of Polymernanocomposites. Processing, Performance and Application. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38649-7_13

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