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The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements pp 1–81Cite as

Synthesis of Superheavy Elements

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Abstract

The Island of Stability of spherical superheavy nuclides exists at the extreme limit of the Chart of the Nuclides, beyond regions of nuclear stability associated with deformed nuclear shapes. In this chapter, the reactions that are used to synthesize these transactinide nuclides are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the production of nuclides with decay properties that are conducive to a radiochemical measurement. The cold- and hot-fusion reactions that lead to the formation of evaporation residues are discussed, as are the physical techniques that have been used in production experiments. Recent results from 48Ca-induced fusion reactions are included. Speculative methods of producing the more neutron-rich nuclides that populate the approaches to the center of the Island of Stability are also presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA

    Kenton J. Moody

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Correspondence to Kenton J. Moody .

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  1. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany

    Matthias Schädel

  2. Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA

    Dawn Shaughnessy

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Moody, K.J. (2014). Synthesis of Superheavy Elements. In: Schädel, M., Shaughnessy, D. (eds) The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37466-1_1

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