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Participatory Breeding for Climate Change-Related Traits

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Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops

Abstract

After a review of the effects of climate changes on food security and agricultural production, the chapter relates modern plant breeding, as opposed to farmers’ breeding practiced for millennia, with the decrease of agrobiodiversity. It underlines the contradiction between the unanimous recognition of the importance of biodiversity and the tendency towards uniformity of modern plant breeding, which, combined with the increased consolidation of the seed industry, is causing a dramatic decrease of cultivated biodiversity. This is exactly the opposite of what is required to adapt crops to climate changes. Although a suite of traits play an important role in the adaptation of crops to climate changes, it is also important to recognize that climate changes are a moving target and therefore the emphasis should not be so much on which trait to breed for but rather to adopt breeding strategies that allow a highly dynamic and efficient system of variety deployment in farmers’ fields. Participatory plant breeding, whose technical aspects are described in detail, has the capability of increasing agricultural production at farm level by exploiting specific adaptation, thus increasing at the same time agrobiodiversity. Participatory plant breeding, integrated with evolutionary plant breeding, should become the model of plant breeding used by the plant breeding programs of the CGIAR centers.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    CGIAR is the new brand name of the Consultative Group of International Agricultural Research Center.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the several hundred farmers who made their knowledge freely available, and the several researchers, extension staff and NGOs who make this work possible, and several donors who have supported participatory plant breeding at ICARDA. These include the OPEC Fund for International Development, the Governments of Italy, Denmark, and Switzerland, der Bundesminister für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit (BMZ, Germany), the International Development Research Center (IDRC, Canada), the System Wide Program on Participatory Research and Gender Analysis (SWP PRGA), the Water and Food Challenge Program of the CGIAR, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the Region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, the University of Wageningen, and the Global Crop Diversity Trust

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICARDA, 114/5055, Beirut, Lebanon

    S. Ceccarelli

  2. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), 30709 Naivasha Rd., Nairobi, Kenya

    A. Galie

  3. ICRISAT, Patancheru, 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India

    S. Grando

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  1. S. Ceccarelli
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  2. A. Galie
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  3. S. Grando
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Correspondence to S. Ceccarelli .

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  1. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BC, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Ceccarelli, S., Galie, A., Grando, S. (2013). Participatory Breeding for Climate Change-Related Traits. In: Kole, C. (eds) Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37045-8_8

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