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Proposing a Model for Studying Primate Development Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Book cover Programmed Cells from Basic Neuroscience to Therapy

Part of the book series: Research and Perspectives in Neurosciences ((NEUROSCIENCE,volume 20))

Abstract

New genomic tools provide us with high-resolution information about the alterations that may have resulted in the evolution of our own species. However, all information available to date for comparative studies between humans and our closest relatives, the non-human primates (NHP), comes from DNA/RNA samples extracted from preserved (post-mortem) tissues. These samples do not always fairly represent the distinctive traits of live cell development; nor do they represent cell behavior. Ideally, the identification of differences in genetic makeup between related species should be translated into phenotypical divergence. In this chapter, we will discuss the idea of developing and characterizing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from our closest relatives apes, such as bonobos, chimpanzees and gorillas. We then will discuss experimental protocols that will allow us to compare developing live neurons from humans to those from NHP and will suggest how to interpret possible outcomes in light of differences that have been previously involved in human speciation, such as brain size and differential gene expression. Such a culture model could provide new insights into human adaptation, with potential consequences for biomedical research and the basic biology of the species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Maria C. N. Marchetto & Fred H. Gage

  2. Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Alysson R. Muotri

Authors
  1. Maria C. N. Marchetto
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  2. Alysson R. Muotri
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  3. Fred H. Gage
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Correspondence to Alysson R. Muotri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute f. Biological Studies, North Torrey Pines Road 10010, La Jolla, 92037, California, USA

    Fred H. Gage

  2. Fondation Ipsen, Quai George Gorse 65, Boulogne Billancourt, 92650, France

    Yves Christen

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Marchetto, M.C.N., Muotri, A.R., Gage, F.H. (2013). Proposing a Model for Studying Primate Development Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. In: Gage, F., Christen, Y. (eds) Programmed Cells from Basic Neuroscience to Therapy. Research and Perspectives in Neurosciences, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36648-2_4

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