Abstract
On an unswept two-dimensional wing, Tollmien-Schlichting (TS-) waves are the direct cause for laminar-turbulent boundary layer transition. In order to reduce wall shear stress, the laminar flow region can be extended by attenuation of these convective instabilities. For this purpose, an actively driven compliant wall was developed. It consists of a cascade of piezo driven membrane actuator devices and several highly sensitive surface hot wire sensors for detection of the linearly growing TS-waves within the transitional boundary layer. The determination of appropriate wall deflections was done in real time. An open-loop model predictive controller was preferred, because it allows to drive several streamwise actuator elements without surface sensors in between. Only one upstream located, global reference sensor is needed.
Wind tunnel experiments at freestream velocities of u ∞ = 24,5ms − 1 and model Reynolds numbers of Re c = 1.02 ·106 were conducted. Destructive interference of artificially generated surface waves and naturally occurring boundary layer instabilities led to a significant delay of transition. Within this paper, the working principle and integration of actuators, sensors and controller are presented. The reader’s attention is directed to experimental results which demonstrated a significant reduction of up to 16dB (83% TS-amplitude) in instability amplitudes within the dominating TS-frequency range. This results in a downstream shift of the laminar-turbulent transition of 140mm, or 7 TS-wave lengths, respective.
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Pätzold, A. et al. (2013). Active Transition Delay by Spatial Surface Actuation with Model Predictive Control. In: Dillmann, A., Heller, G., Kreplin, HP., Nitsche, W., Peltzer, I. (eds) New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics VIII. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, vol 121. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35680-3_32
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35680-3_32
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