Abstract
Airway diseases are common in the elderly, representing one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, due to the decline of local and systemic defenses, to the poor nutritional status, and to comorbidities of this category of patients. Some abnormalities are the result of physiological modifications of the airway with age and should be differentiated from actual disease. Knowledge of the radiologic appearance of airway diseases in this subgroup of population is mandatory to allow proper treatment and to improve patient outcome. Recent advances in MDCT and software implementation have improved accuracy in the assessment of airway diseases from the trachea to the distal airways. In this chapter we review some of the common paraphysiologic airway modifications and the distinct radiological features of the upper and the lower airway diseases that can occur in the elderly.
Keywords
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient
- Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
- Airflow Limitation
- Tracheobronchial Tree
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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- ACC:
-
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
- c-ANCA:
-
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CT:
-
Computed tomography
- CXR:
-
Chest radiography
- DAB:
-
Diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis
- FEV1 :
-
Forced expiratory volume in 1 s
- FVC:
-
Forced vital capacity
- FDG-PET:
-
18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
- GOLD:
-
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
- HPV:
-
Human papillomavirus
- MALT:
-
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
- MDCT:
-
Multidetector computed tomography
- minIP:
-
Minimum intensity projection
- MIP:
-
Maximum intensity projection
- MPR:
-
Multiplanar reformations
- SCC:
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
- SCLC:
-
Small cell lung cancer
- TB:
-
Tuberculosis
- TBA:
-
Tracheobronchial amyloidosis
- TBM:
-
Tracheobronchomalacia
- TM:
-
Tracheomalacia
- TO:
-
Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica
- 3D:
-
Three dimensional
- VR:
-
Volume-rendering reformations
- WG:
-
Wegener granulomatosis
- YAG:
-
Yttrium aluminum garnet
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Larici, A.R. et al. (2013). Airway Disease. In: Guglielmi, G., Peh, W., Guermazi, A. (eds) Geriatric Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35579-0_14
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