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Use of Wetland Plants in Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals

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Plant-Based Remediation Processes

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 35))

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities like mining, smelting, untreated waste disposal and dumping, and pesticides and fertilizers application is becoming a major global concern. Once released into the environment, heavy metals find their way into aquatic systems contaminating water bodies and its associated life forms. Wetlands are most vulnerable in this process as they are usually low lands in comparison to the surroundings. Conventional methods of mitigating metal contamination in soils and water like extraction, immobilization, and toxicity reduction, physical barrier, chemical stabilization, electro kinetic processes, soil washing, and pump-and-treat systems are prohibitively expensive, energy intensive, and can reduce the fertility and bioactivity of soils. Natural wetland systems along with its native flora have the capacity to improve water quality by filtering pollutants from water that flows through on its way to receiving water bodies. Many of the wetland plants have the capability to mobilize and uptake the metals at rhizosphere, where microbial association and symbiosis play an important role in the accumulation of metals. This chapter tried to encompass the role of wetland plants and their selection related to natural restoration of contaminated sites through economic, aesthetically pleasing phytoremediation technology.

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Acknowledgment

Authors wish to convey thanks and appreciation to Mrs. Swagata Chatterjee for the illustration (both Figs. 7.1 and 7.2) in the chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, 2, Tezpur, 784 001, Assam, India

    Soumya Chatterjee, Sibnarayan Datta & Vijay Veer

  2. Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore (West), 721 102, West Bengal, India

    Priyanka Halder Mallick

  3. Department of Zoology, Bankura Christian College, Bankura, 722 101, West Bengal, India

    Anindita Mitra

  4. Hooghly Mohsin College, Chinsurah, 712 101, West Bengal, India

    Subhra Kumar Mukhopadhyay

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  1. Soumya Chatterjee
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  2. Sibnarayan Datta
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  3. Priyanka Halder Mallick
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  4. Anindita Mitra
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  5. Vijay Veer
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  6. Subhra Kumar Mukhopadhyay
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Correspondence to Soumya Chatterjee .

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  1. , Radiol. Impact Performance Div., Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium

    Dharmendra Kumar Gupta

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Chatterjee, S., Datta, S., Mallick, P.H., Mitra, A., Veer, V., Mukhopadhyay, S.K. (2013). Use of Wetland Plants in Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals. In: Gupta, D. (eds) Plant-Based Remediation Processes. Soil Biology, vol 35. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35564-6_7

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