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Komplizierte Trauer

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Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen

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Zusammenfassung

Der Verlust einer nahestehenden Person hat in der Regel einen normalen und nichtpathologisch verlaufenden Trauerprozess zur Folge. Trauer an sich ist daher, trotz ihrer sehr unterschiedlichen Erscheinungsformen und Verläufe, keine psychische Störung. Der Trauerprozess wird durch die Todesumstände der verstorbenen Person, intrapsychische Faktoren der Trauernden und soziale Faktoren ihrer Umwelt beeinflusst. Dennoch zeigt nur ein kleiner Teil der Trauernden eine pathologische Symptomatik, die zu einer Einschränkung in sozialen und anderen wichtigen Lebensbereichen führt. Für diese Form der pathologischen Trauer wurden in der Vergangenheit unterschiedliche Begriffe verwendet, z. B. der Begriff „komplizierte Trauer“. Dieser ist durch eine in Einzelaspekten der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) ähnliche Symptomatik gekennzeichnet, unterscheidet sich allerdings in relevanten Aspekten und zwar v. a. durch den erlebten Trennungsschmerz . Komplizierte Trauer kann teilweise als eine Traumafolgestörung zu verstehen sein – nämlich wenn Verlust und Tod im Rahmen eines traumatischen Ereignisses auftreten. Komplizierte Trauer kann sich aber auch nach nicht im engeren Sinne traumatischen Verlusten entwickeln.

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  1. Lehrstuhl Klinische und Biologische Psychologie, KU Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Ostenstraße 26, D-85071, Eichstätt, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. R. Rosner

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig Department Psychische Gesundheit, Semmelweisstraße 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland

    PD Dr. B. Wagner

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    Andreas Maercker

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Rosner, R., Wagner, B. (2013). Komplizierte Trauer. In: Maercker, A. (eds) Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35068-9_25

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