Abstract
The DEPLOY project has provided a rare opportunity to explore and document the potential benefits of and challenges to creating and exploiting usable formal methods. Using the results of an updated review of 98 industrial applications, we identify trends relating to analytic power, robustness, stability and usability of tools, as well as to the quality of evidence on costs and benefits of deployment. A consideration of the DEPLOY applications reinforces these trends, additionally emphasising the importance of selecting formalisms suited to the problem domain and of effectively managing traceable links between requirements and models.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Austin, S., Parkin, G.: Formal methods: A survey. Technical report, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK (March 1993)
Bicarregui, J., Fitzgerald, J., Larsen, P.G., Woodcock, J.: Industrial practice in formal methods: A review. In: Cavalcanti, A., Dams, D. (eds.) FM 2009: Formal Methods. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5850, pp. 810–813. Springer, Berlin (2009)
Bloomfield, R., Craigen, D.: Formal methods diffusion: Past lessons and future prospects. Technical report D/167/6101. Adelard, Coborn House, 3 Coborn Road, London E3 2DA, UK (December 1999)
Brock, B., Kaufmann, M., Moore, J.: ACL2 theorems about commercial microprocessors. In: Srivas, M., Camilleri, A. (eds.) Proceedings of Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, FMCAD’96, pp. 275–293. Springer, Berlin (1996)
Cimatti, A., Clarke, E., Giunchiglia, F., Roveri, M.: NuSMV: A new symbolic model checker. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transf. 2(4), 410–425 (2000)
Clarke, E.M., Wing, J.M.: Formal methods: State of the art and future directions. ACM Comput. Surv. 28(4), 626–643 (1996)
Craigen, D., Gerhart, S., Ralston, T.: An International Survey of Industrial Applications of Formal Methods, volume 1, Purpose, Approach, Analysis and Conclusions. U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Computer Systems Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD (Mar. 1993)
Craigen, D., Gerhart, S., Ralston, T.: Formal methods reality check: Industrial usage. In: Woodcock, J.C.P., Larsen, P.G. (eds.) FME’93: Industrial-Strength Formal Methods, April 1993. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 670, pp. 250–267. Springer, Berlin (1993)
Glass, R.L.: Formal methods are a surrogate for a more serious software concern. IEEE Comput. 29(4), 19 (1996)
Hinchey, M.G., Bowen, J.P.: To formalize or not to formalize? IEEE Comput. 29(4), 18–19 (1996)
Jackson, D., Wing, J.: Lightweight formal methods. IEEE Comput. 29(4), 22–23 (1996)
Larsen, P.G., Fitzgerald, J., Brookes, T.: Applying formal specification in industry. IEEE Softw. 13(3), 48–56 (1996)
Miller, S., Greve, D., Srivas, M.: Formal verification of the AAMP5 and the AAMP-FV microcode. In: Third AMAST Workshop on Real-Time Systems, Salt Lake City, Utah, March 6–8, 1996
Miller, S.P., Anderson, E.A., Wagner, L.G., Whalen, M.W., Heimdahl, M.P.E.: Formal verification of flight critical software. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, San Francisco, August 2005. AIAA, Washington (2005)
Miller, S.P.: The industrial use of formal methods: Was Darwin right? In: 2nd IEEE Workshop on Industrial Strength Formal Specification Techniques, pp. 74–82. IEEE, Boca Raton (1998)
Miller, S.P., Whalen, M.W., Cofer, D.D.: Software model checking takes off. Commun. ACM 53, 58–64 (2010)
Owre, S., Rushby, J.M., Shankar, N.: PVS: A prototype verification system. In: Kapur, D. (ed.) 11th International Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE). Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, vol. 607, pp. 748–752. Springer, Saratoga (1992)
Srivas, M.K., Miller, S.P.: Formal verification of the AAMP5 microprocessor. In: Hinchey, M.G., Bowen, J.P. (eds.) Applications of Formal Methods. Series in Computer Science, pp. 125–180. Prentice Hall International, Englewood Cliffs (1995)
Woodcock, J., Larsen, P.G., Bicarregui, J., Fitzgerald, J.: Formal methods: Practice and experience. ACM Comput. Surv. 41(4), 1–36 (2009)
Acknowledgements
We thank all the contributors to our survey. The following indicated their willingness to have their names listed: Thomas Arts, Janet Barnes, Nick Battle, Philippe Baufreton, Dines Bjørner, Nikolaj Bjørner, Michael Butler, Egon Börger, Gert Caspersen, Mikhail Eir, Lars-Henrik Eriksson, Alessio Ferrari, Dave Greve, Wolfgang Grieskamp, Anthony Hall, Dave Hardin, Anne Haxthausen, Alexander Kamkin, Moonzoo Kim, Joseph Kiniry, Rafael Marques, Aad Mathijssen, Steven Miller, Ian Oliver, Jan Peleska, Alexander Petrenko, Ray Richards, Andreas Prinz, Peter Päppenghaus, Aryldo G. Russo Jr., Thomas Santen, Anna Slobodova, Karl Stroetmann, Nicholas Tudor, Yaroslav Usenko, Eric Verhulst, Michael Whalen, Matt Wilding, Kirsten Winter and Wolf Zimmermann.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fitzgerald, J., Bicarregui, J., Larsen, P.G., Woodcock, J. (2013). Industrial Deployment of Formal Methods: Trends and Challenges. In: Romanovsky, A., Thomas, M. (eds) Industrial Deployment of System Engineering Methods. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33170-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33170-1_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33169-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33170-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)