Skip to main content

Interacting with Deformable User Interfaces: Effect of Material Stiffness and Type of Deformation Gesture

  • Conference paper

Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNISA,volume 7468)

Abstract

Deformable User Interfaces (DUIs) are increasingly being proposed for new tangible and organic interaction metaphors and techniques. To design DUIs, it is necessary to understand how deforming different materials manually using different gestures affects performance and user experience. In the study reported in this paper, three DUIs made of deformable materials with different levels of stiffness were used in navigation tasks that required bending and twisting the interfaces. Discrete and continuous deformation gestures were used in each case. Results showed that the stiffness of the material and the type of gesture affected performance and user experience in complex ways, but with a pervading pattern: using discrete gestures in very short navigation distances and continuous gestures otherwise, plus using lower-stiffness materials in every case, was beneficial in terms of performance and user experience.

Keywords

  • deformable
  • organic
  • tangible
  • user interface
  • force
  • bend
  • twist
  • zoom
  • scroll
  • stiffness
  • gesture
  • discrete
  • continuous
  • performance
  • UX

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (Canada)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (Canada)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   72.00
Price excludes VAT (Canada)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Vertegaal, R., Poupyrev, I.: Organic User Interfaces. Commun. ACM 51, 26–30 (2008)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  2. Ishii, H.: The tangible user interface and its evolution. Commun. ACM 51, 32–36 (2008)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  3. Lee, S.-S., Kim, S., Jin, B., Choi, E., Kim, B., Jia, X., Kim, D.: Lee, K.-p.: How users manipulate deformable displays as input devices. In: CHI 2010, pp. 1647–1656 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ryhänen, T., Uusitalo, M.A., Ikkala, O., Kärkkäinen, A.: Nanotechnologies for Future Mobile Devices. Cambridge Univ. Pr. (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. The Morph Concept, Nokia Research Center, vol. 2011 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Wightman, D., Ginn, T., Vertegaal, R.: BendFlip: Examining Input Techniques for Electronic Book Readers with Flexible Form Factors. In: Campos, P., Graham, N., Jorge, J., Nunes, N., Palanque, P., Winckler, M. (eds.) INTERACT 2011, Part III. LNCS, vol. 6948, pp. 117–133. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  7. Gallant, D.T., Seniuk, A.G., Vertegaal, R.: Towards more paper-like input: flexible input devices for foldable interaction styles. In: UIST 2008 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schwesig, C., Poupyrev, I., Mori, E.: Gummi: a bendable computer. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Sheng, J., Balakrishnan, R., Singh, K.: An interface for virtual 3D sculpting via physical proxy. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques in Australasia and Southeast Asia (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Murakami, T., Nakajima, N.: DO-IT: deformable object as input tool for 3-D geometric operation. Computer-Aided Design 32, 5–16 (2000)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  11. Kildal, J., Paasovaara, S., Aaltonen, V.: Kinetic Device: Designing Interactions with a Deformable Mobile Interface. In: CHI 2012 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Biggs, S.J., Srinivasan, M.A.: Haptic interfaces. In: Stanney, K.M. (ed.) Handbook of Virtual Environments, pp. 93–116. LEA (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Chen, J.: Human haptic interaction with soft objects: discriminability, force control, and contact visualization. Dept. Mech. Eng. PhD in Mechanical Engineering (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  14. NASA TLX: Task Load Index (2012), http://humansystems.arc.nasa.gov/groups/TLX

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Kildal, J. (2012). Interacting with Deformable User Interfaces: Effect of Material Stiffness and Type of Deformation Gesture. In: Magnusson, C., Szymczak, D., Brewster, S. (eds) Haptic and Audio Interaction Design. HAID 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7468. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32796-4_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32796-4_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-32795-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-32796-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)