Abstract
We now have, on the one hand, an understanding of how the word “system” is used both in daily language and in the narrower context of engineering and, on the other hand, an understanding of a philosophical framework into which all manifestations of human activity must fit in some way.
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The distinction between objects and concepts, and the subdivision of concepts into first-and second-level concepts is discussed by Frege in “On Concept and Object”. Vierteljahrsschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie16, 192–205 (1892), We would perhaps call a second-level concept a class of concepts
Miller, G.A.: The Magical Number Seven, Plus of Minus Two: Some limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information. The Psychological Review 63, 81–97 (1956); available online at www.well.com/user/smalin/miller.html References to subsequent papers can be found at, http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/context
The model is contained in E.W. Aslaksen, The Changing Nature of Engineering. McGraw Hill (1996). It is based on the concept of information as decrease in entropy and the effort required to maintain a (low) state of entropy in the face of the tendency of the entropy to increase (in accordance with thermodynamics)
Aslaksen, E.W.: Designing Complex Systems: Foundations of Design in the Functional Domain. CRC Press (Taylor & Francis) (2008)
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Aslaksen, E.W. (2013). The System Concept within the Philosophical Framework. In: The System Concept and Its Application to Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32169-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32169-6_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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