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LTR Retrotransposons as Controlling Elements of Genome Response to Stress?

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Plant Transposable Elements

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Genetics ((TCG,volume 24))

Abstract

Transposable elements can impact gene expression and regulatory patterns. This is particularly true for LTR retrotransposons, whose Long Terminal Repeats (LTRs) promoter/regulatory capsules are present at both ends of the element and make them particularly prone to influencing adjacent genes. LTRs can act as promoters, as sources of regulatory sequences, or initiate antisense transcripts regulating gene expression. As a consequence, LTR responses to specific stimuli can influence adjacent host genes and contribute to the organism’s response to these stimuli. Most plant LTR retrotransposons are activated in response to stress or environmental changes, and in this review, we will update current data on this stress response. After a short journey across the animal kingdom, where the regulatory impact of LTRs is well documented, we will present recent reports suggesting that LTRs may also play a role in the modulation of gene expression and in the generation of phenotypic plasticity in plants.

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Abbreviations

ERV:

Endogenous Retroviral Element

LINE:

Long INterspersed Nuclear Element

LTR:

Long Terminal Repeat

SINE:

Short INterspersed Nuclear Element

TE:

Transposable Element

TSS:

Transcription Start Site

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Acknowledgment

We are very thankful to Prof. Howard Laten for critical reading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 INRA/AgroParisTech, INRA-Versailles, 78026, Versailles Cedex, France

    Quynh Trang Bui & Marie-Angèle Grandbastien

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  1. Quynh Trang Bui
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  2. Marie-Angèle Grandbastien
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Correspondence to Marie-Angèle Grandbastien .

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  1. , Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), INRA Versailles, UMR 1318, Versailles Cedex, 78026, France

    Marie-Angèle Grandbastien

  2. , Centre de Recerca en Agrigenomica (CRAG), CSIC-RTA-UAB, Barcelona, 08193, Spain

    Josep M. Casacuberta

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Bui, Q.T., Grandbastien, MA. (2012). LTR Retrotransposons as Controlling Elements of Genome Response to Stress?. In: Grandbastien, MA., Casacuberta, J. (eds) Plant Transposable Elements. Topics in Current Genetics, vol 24. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31842-9_14

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