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International Conference on Computer Aided Verification

CAV 2012: Computer Aided Verification pp 4Cite as

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IC3 and beyond: Incremental, Inductive Verification

IC3 and beyond: Incremental, Inductive Verification

  • Aaron R. Bradley18 
  • Conference paper
  • 3707 Accesses

  • 26 Citations

Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNTCS,volume 7358)

Abstract

IC3, a SAT-based safety model checking algorithm introduced in 2010 [1, 2], is considered among the best safety model checkers. This tutorial discusses its essential ideas: the use of concrete states, called counterexamples to induction, to motivate lemma discovery; the incremental application of induction to generate the lemmas; and the use of stepwise assumptions to allow dynamic shifting between inductive lemma generation and propagation of lemmas as predicates.

Keywords

  • Model Check
  • Proof Obligation
  • Essential Idea
  • Concrete State
  • Inductive Generalization

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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References

  1. Bradley, A.R.: k-step relative inductive generalization. Technical report, CU Boulder (March 2010), http://arxiv.org/abs/1003.3649

  2. Bradley, A.R.: SAT-Based Model Checking without Unrolling. In: Jhala, R., Schmidt, D. (eds.) VMCAI 2011. LNCS, vol. 6538, pp. 70–87. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

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  3. Bradley, A.R.: Understanding IC3. In: SAT (June 2012)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bradley, A.R., Somenzi, F., Hassan, Z., Zhang, Y.: An incremental approach to model checking progress properties. In: FMCAD (November 2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hassan, Z., Bradley, A.R., Somenzi, F.: Incremental, Inductive CTL Model Checking. In: Madhusudan, P., Seshia, S.A. (eds.) CAV 2012. LNCS, vol. 7358, p. 4. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

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  6. Somenzi, F., Bradley, A.R.: IC3: Where monolithic and incremental meet. In: FMCAD (November 2011)

    Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ECEE Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA

    Aaron R. Bradley

Authors
  1. Aaron R. Bradley
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3226 Siebel Center, 201 N. Goodwin Avenue, 61801-2302, Urbana, IL, USA

    P. Madhusudan

  2. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, 253 Cory Hall # 1770, 94720-1770, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Sanjit A. Seshia

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Bradley, A.R. (2012). IC3 and beyond: Incremental, Inductive Verification. In: Madhusudan, P., Seshia, S.A. (eds) Computer Aided Verification. CAV 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7358. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31424-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31424-7_4

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-31423-0

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