Abstract
It has become abundantly clear that the global biosphere—its plants, animals, and associated ecosystems (biomes)—are being ever more seriously threatened by ever greater human arrogations on the one hand, and by ever greater human disruptions on the other. As our human numbers keep increasing, our combined human needs perforce increase apace; and, in turn, those needs are compounded by our even more rapidly growing discretionary uses (#116, #203). One poignant example of our global over-population is the vast number of environmental refugees (#226, #257). The ongoing environmental devastation is, of course, a tragedy in its own right, but that environmental devastation impinges as well on what I have defined as ‘comprehensive human security’ with its unavoidable environmental security component (more on that below).
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Notes
- 1.
The numbered references are provided in Chap. 3.
- 2.
In fact, in 2010 the states parties to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (UNTS 30619) concluded that it was necessary to conserve at least 17 % of the world's terrestrial and inland water areas and 10 % of its coastal and marine areas (www.cbd.int/sp/targets).
- 3.
Most of the aspirational 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations General Assembly Resolution No. 217[III] A, 10 Dec 48) was subsequently formalized via a pair of complementary multilateral treaties: the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (UNTS 14531); and the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (UNTS 14668).
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Westing, A.H. (2013). What Next? A Search for Security in War and Peace. In: Arthur H. Westing. SpringerBriefs on Pioneers in Science and Practice, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31322-6_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31322-6_2
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