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Sex-Specific Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia Therapy: PPAR Agonists

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Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 214))

Abstract

The influence of sex on the development of obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia is well documented, although the molecular mechanism underlying those differences reminds elusive. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are used as oral antidiabetics (PPARgamma agonists: thiazolidinediones, TZDs), or for the treatment of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases, due to their lipid-lowering properties (PPARalpha agonists: fibrates), as PPARs control transcription of a set of genes involved in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Given a high prevalence of those metabolic disorders, and thus a broad use of PPAR agonists, the present review will discuss distinct aspects of sex-specific differences in antiobesity treatment using those groups of PPAR ligands.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

ER:

Estrogen receptor

NHR:

Nuclear hormone receptor

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

RXR:

Retinoid acid receptor

T2DM:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

TZD:

Thiazolidinediones

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  1. Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Street 3-4, 10115, Berlin, Germany

    Verena Benz, Ulrich Kintscher MD & Anna Foryst-Ludwig

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  1. Verena Benz
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  2. Ulrich Kintscher MD
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Correspondence to Ulrich Kintscher MD .

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  1. Institute of Gender in Medicine (GiM), Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, Berlin, 10115, Germany

    Vera Regitz-Zagrosek

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Benz, V., Kintscher, U., Foryst-Ludwig, A. (2013). Sex-Specific Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia Therapy: PPAR Agonists. In: Regitz-Zagrosek, V. (eds) Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 214. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30726-3_18

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