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Examples of Algebraic Operads

  • Jean-Louis Loday
  • Bruno Vallette
Chapter
Part of the Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften book series (GL, volume 346)

Abstract

In Chap.  9, we studied in detail the operad Ass encoding the associative algebras. It is a paradigm for nonsymmetric operads, symmetric operads, cyclic operads. In this chapter we present several other examples of operads. First, we present the two other “graces”, the operads Com and Lie encoding respectively the commutative (meaning commutative and associative) algebras, and the Lie algebras. Second, we introduce more examples of binary quadratic operads: Poisson, Gerstenhaber, pre-Lie, Leibniz, Zinbiel, dendriform, magmatic, several variations like Jordan algebra, divided power algebra, Batalin–Vilkovisky algebra. Then we present various examples of operads involving higher ary-operations: homotopy algebras, infinite-magmatic, brace, multibrace, Jordan triples, Lie triples. The choice is dictated by their relevance in various parts of mathematics: differential geometry, noncommutative geometry, harmonic analysis, algebraic combinatorics, theoretical physics, computer science. Of course, this list does not exhaust the examples appearing in the existing literature. The reader may have a look at the cornucopia of types of algebras 2012 to find more examples.

Keywords

Hopf Algebra Associative Algebra Jordan Algebra Hochschild Cohomology Planar Algebra 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Jean-Louis Loday
    • 1
  • Bruno Vallette
    • 2
  1. 1.IRMA, CNRS et Université de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
  2. 2.Lab. de Mathématiques J.A. DieudonnéUniversité de Nice-Sophia AntipolisNiceFrance

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