Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Säugetiere und Intelligenz

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Vom Urknall zum modernen Menschen

  • 5939 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Säugetiere gehören zu den am höchsten entwickelten Landwirbeltieren, den Tetrapoden. Zu diesen zählen auch Amphibien, Reptilien und Vögel. Bei den Tetrapoden trat eine breite Entwicklung der Intelligenz auf, die sich nach dem großen Massensterben am Ende der Kreidezeit besonders bei den höheren Säugetieren und den Vögeln bemerkbar machte. Dieses Verhalten beruht auf durch Erfahrung gewonnenem Wissen und lässt sich am Werkzeuggebrauch und der Qualität der Kommunikation ablesen. Die intelligentesten Tiere gebrauchen Werkzeuge, stellen darüber hinaus solche selbst her und zeigen Spiegelselbsterkenntnis. Der Gipfel dieser Intelligenzentwicklung wurde beim Menschen erreicht, der mit Händen ausgestattet ist, die auf Werkzeuggebrauch und -herstellung spezialisiert sind, sowie der Sprache, einem einzigartigen, unübertroffenen Mittel der Kommunikation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Videos zu Mikro-Maus-Robot-Wettbewerben: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bproY7G2t4o, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=peEpkRIKDEs&feature=related, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJ6mJICkfbM.

Literatur

  • Becker L et al (2004) Bedout: A possible end-permian impact crater offshore of Northwestern Australia. Science 304:1469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Begun DR(2010) Origins of the African apes and humans. Ann Rev Anthropol 39:67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloch JI et al (2007) New Paleocene skeletons and the relationship of plesiadapiforms tocrown-clade primates. PNAS 104:1159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolhuis JJ, Wynne, CDL(2009) Can evolution explain how minds work? Nature 458:832

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bongard, J et al (2006) Resilient machines through continuous self-modeling. Science 314:1118. http://ccsl.mae.cornell.edu/research/selfmodels/morepictures.htm, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehno85yI-sA, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaVJpN-OsU4&feature=response_watch

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite VA, Burt de Perera T(2006) Short-range orientation in fish: how fish map space. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 39:37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers DJ (1995) Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies 2:200. http://www.imprint.co.uk/chalmers.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Claeys P (1996) Chicxulub, le cratère idéal. Le chaînon manquant identifié dans le golfe du Mexique. La Recherche, Dec:60

    Google Scholar 

  • Cnotka J et al (2008) Extraordinary large brains in tool-using New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides). Neurosci Let 433:241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Condie KC, Sloan RE (1998) Origin and evolution of earth. Principles of historical geology. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River

    Google Scholar 

  • Conway-Morri, S (2003) Life’s solution. Inevitable humans in a lonely universe. Cambridge University Press

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Culotta E (2004) Spanish fossil sheds new light on the oldest great apes. Science 306:1273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Descartes R (1641) Meditationes de prima philosophia

    Google Scholar 

  • de Waal FBM et al (2005) The monkey in the mirror: hardly a stranger. PNAS 102:11140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edelman GM (2003) Naturalizing consciousness: a theoretical framework. PNAS 100:5520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emery NJ, Clayton NS (2004) The mentality of crows: convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes. Science 306:1903

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Endy D, Brent R (2001) Modelling cellular behaviour. Nature 409:391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haggard P (2008) Human volition: towards a neuroscience of will. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9:934

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haidle MN (2010) Working-memory capacity and the evolution of modern cognitive potential. implications from animal and early human tool use. Current Anthropology 51:149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison SA, Tong F. (2009) Decoding reveals the contents of visual working memory in early visual areas. Nature 458:632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heisenberg M (2009) Is free will an illusion? Nature 459:164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holden C. (2006) Mirror, Mirror. Science 314:735

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland O (2007) A strongly embodied approach to machine consciousness. J. Conscious Studies 14:97. http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/staff/owen/machine/cronos.html, http://www.cronosproject.net, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWz9J0TTuDw

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasting J (1996) Planetary atmosphere evolution: do other habitable planets exist and can we detect them? Astrophys Space Sci 241:3

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelley J (1992) Evolution of apes. In: Jones S et al (Hrsg) The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge University Press, S 223

    Google Scholar 

  • Kriegs JO et al (2006) Retroposed elements as archives for the evolutionary history of placental mammals. Plos Biol 4:0537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lammer H et al (2008) Atmospheric escape and evolution of terrestrial planets and satellites. Space Sci Rev 139:399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lenzen W (2004) Grundzüge einer philosophischen Theorie der Gefühle. In: Herding K, Stumpfhaus B (Hrsg) Pathos Affekt Gefühl – Die Emotionen in den Künsten. de Gruyter, Berlin, S 80

    Google Scholar 

  • Li R et al (2008) Behavioral and faunal implications of early cretaceous deinonychosaur trackways from China. Naturwissenschaften 95:185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Longrich NR et al (2011) Mass extinction of birds at the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. PNAS 108:15253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo Z-X et al (2011) A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials andplacentals. Nature 476:442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marino L (2002) Convergence of complex cognitive. abilities in cetaceans and primates. Brain, Behavior and Evolution 59:21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin RD (1990) Primate origins and evolution. A phylogenetic reconstruction. Chapman & Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Marques HG, Holland O (2009) Architectures for functional imagination. Neurocomputing 72:743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mather JA et al (2010) Octopus: The ocean’s intelligent invertebrate. Timber Press, Portland

    Google Scholar 

  • Meredith RW et al (2011) Impacts of the cretaceous terrestrial revolution and kpg extinction on mammal diversification. Science 334:521

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Metzinger T (2007) http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Self_models

  • Miyashita Y (2004) Cognitive memory: cellular and network machineries and their top-down control. Science 306:435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan J et al (1997) Size and morphology of the Chicxulub impact crater. Nature 390:472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moyà-Solà S et al (2004) Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a new middle miocene great apefrom spain. Science 306:1339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mulcahy NJ, Call J (2006) Apes save tools for future use. Science 312:1038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary MA et al (2013) The placental mammal ancestor and the post-k/pg radiation of placentals. Science 339:662

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pepin RO (2006) Atmospheres on the terrestrial planets: clues to origin and evolution. Earth and Planetary Sci Letters 252:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrides M, Pandya DN (1994) Comparative architectonic analysis of the human and the macaque frontal cortex. In: Boller F, Grafman J (Hrsg) Handb Neuropsychology. Elsevier, London: S 17

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrides M, Pandya DN (2002) Comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis of the human and the macaque ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Eur J Neurosci 16:291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plotnik JM et al (2006) Self-recognition in an Asian elephant. PNAS 103:17055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prior H et al (2008) Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (pica pica): evidence of self-recognition. PLoS Biol 6(8): e202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reiss D, Marino L (2001) Mirror self-recognition in the bottlenose dolphin: a case of cognitive convergence. PNAS 98:5937

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rocchia R (1996) Naissance d’une théorie. D’une anomalie en iridium à la catastrophe cosmique, La Recherche, Dec:53

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmieder M et al (2010) A Rhaetian 40Ar/39Ar age for the Rochechouart impact structure (France) and implications for the latest Triassic sedimentary record. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45:1225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoene B et al (2010) Correlating the end-Triassic mass extinction and flood basalt volcanism at the 100 ka level. Geology 38:387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulte P et al (2010) The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary. Science 327:1214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seabra Lopes L et al (2000) Intelligent Control and Decision-Making demonstrated on a Simple Compass-Guided Robot. Proc. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Nashville, Tennessee, S 2419

    Google Scholar 

  • Seth A (2009) Explanatory correlates of consciousness: theoretical and computational challenges. Cognitive Computation 1:50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen S-Z et al (2011) Calibrating the End-Permian Mass Extinction. Science 334:1367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simons E (1992) The fossil history of primates. In: Jones S, Martin R, Pilbeam D (Hrsg) The Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution. Cambridge University Press, S199

    Google Scholar 

  • Smit J (1996) Un épisode tragique: L’océan folamour. La brutalité des extinctions marines suggère une réduction soudaine de la luminosité. La Recherche, Dec:62

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomita M (2001a) Whole cell simulation: a grand challenge of the 21st century. Trends in Biotechnology 19:205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomita M (2001b) towards computer aided design (CAD) of useful microorganisms. Bioinformatics 17:1091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ulmschneider P (2006) Intelligent life in the universe. Springer, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Walzer U, Hendel R (2008) Mantle convection and evolution with growing continents. J Geophys Res 113, Sep doi:10.1029/2007JB005459

    Google Scholar 

  • Walzer U, Hendel R (2013) Real episodic growth of continental crust or artefact of preservation? A 3-D geodynamic model. J Geophys Res (im Druck)

    Google Scholar 

  • Whiteside JH et al (2007) Synchrony between the Central Atlantic magmatic province and the Triassic-Jurassic mass-extinction event? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 244:345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whiteside J H et al (2010a) Compound-specific carbon isotopes from earth’s largest flood basalt eruptions directly linked to the end-Triassic mass extinction. PNAS 107:6721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whiteside JH et al (2010b) Pangean great lake paleoecology on the cusp of the end-Triassic extinction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 301:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wible JR et al (2007) Cretaceous eutherians and laurasian origin for placental mammals near the K/T boundary. Nature 447:1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zachos J et al (2001) Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65 Ma to present. Science 292:686

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für Astronomie Heidelberg, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik, Universität Heidelberg, Albert-Überle-Str. 2, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    Peter Ulmschneider

Authors
  1. Peter Ulmschneider
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Ulmschneider .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ulmschneider, P. (2014). Säugetiere und Intelligenz. In: Vom Urknall zum modernen Menschen. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29926-1_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation