Abstract
This paper deals with an outline of damage induced by the 2011 great east Japan earthquake and tsunami. An earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 occurred in the north-western Pacific Ocean at a relatively shallow depth of 32 km on March 11, 2011 at 14:46 on local time. The earthquake generated a tsunami of unprecedented height and special extent along the coast of the main island of Japan. The earthquake and tsunami caused about 20,000 deaths and missing and injured about 6,000 people. This paper reports an outline of the earthquake, tsunami and damage, then, focuses on the damage to water supply pipelines.
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References
Building research institute (BRI) http://www.kenken.go.jp/japanese/contents/topics/20110311/0311report.html (Written in Japanese)
Japan meteorological agency (JMA) About the 2011 off the pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake (28th Report), 25 March 2011 (Written in Japanese)
Japan water works association (JWWA) http://www.jwwa.or.jp/houkokusyo/pdf/higashinihon_daishinsai/higashinihon_2.pdf (Written in Japanese)
National research institute for earth science and disaster prevention (NIED) Strong motion observed by 2011 Tohoku district-off the pacific ocean earthquake, emergency meeting of headquarters for earthquake research promotion, 13 March 2011. (Written in Japanese)
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami joint survey group, JSCE field survey tsunami results http://www.coastal.jp/tsunami2011/, 11 March 2012 access (Written in Japanese)
2011 Tohoku earthquake, Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo (http://outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/eng/aftershocksofpast/)
Acknowledgments
The present paper is based on the collected from an investigation by reconnaissance team of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan. Many individual and organizations generously helped with this investigation. This study was supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (No. 20310108).
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Miyajima, M., Murata, A. (2013). Damage by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. In: Wang, F., Miyajima, M., Li, T., Shan, W., Fathani, T. (eds) Progress of Geo-Disaster Mitigation Technology in Asia. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29107-4_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29107-4_1
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