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Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine 2 pp 55–59Cite as

Passive leg raising

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Abstract

Objective: To assess whether the passive leg raising test can help in predicting fluid responsiveness. Design: Nonsystematic review of the literature. Results: Passive leg raising has been used as an endogenous fluid challenge and tested for predicting the hemodynamic response to fluid in patients with acute circulatory failure. This is now easy to perform at the bedside using methods that allow a real time measurement of systolic blood flow. A passive leg raising induced increase in descending aortic blood flow of at least 10% or in echocardiographic subaortic flow of at least 12% has been shown to predict fluid responsiveness. Importantly, this prediction remains very valuable in patients with cardiac arrhythmias or spontaneous breathing activity. Conclusions: Passive leg raising allows reliable prediction of fluid responsiveness even in patients with spontaneous breathing activity or arrhythmias. This test may come to be used increasingly at the bedside since it is easy to perform and effective, provided that its effects are assessed by a real-time measurement of cardiac output.

Keywords

  • Fluid responsiveness
  • Passive leg raising
  • Volume expansion
  • Cardiac preload

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Bioenergetique Fondamentale et Appliquee, Universite Joseph Fourier, rue de la piscine, Grenoble Cedex, France

    Xavier Monnet

  2. Department of Intensive Care, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire de Liege, Domaine du Sart Tilman B35, Liege, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Teboul

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  1. Xavier Monnet
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  2. Jean-Louis Teboul
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Scaife Hall 606 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    Michael R. Pinsky MD

  2. Dept. Intensive Care Medicine, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 51 av. Maréchal Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil, CX, France

    Laurent Brochard MD

  3. Dept. Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital de Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antonio M. Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Mancebo MD

  4. General Intensive Care Unit, Università Cattolica des Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy

    Massimo Antonelli

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Monnet, X., Teboul, JL. (2012). Passive leg raising. In: Pinsky, M.R., Brochard, L., Mancebo, J., Antonelli, M. (eds) Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28233-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28233-1_6

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