Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles exhibit fascinating geometrically tunable optical properties that are dominated by their localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). By judiciously tailoring the geometric parameters of a metal nanoparticle, one can fine-tune the nanoparticle’s optical responses in a precisely controllable manner and thereby selectively implement desired optical properties into nanomaterial systems or nanodevices for specific applications. In this chapter, we present a review on the recent experimental and theoretical advances in the understanding of the geometry–optical property relationship of metallic nanoparticles in various geometries.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Burda C, Chen XB, Narayanan R, El-Sayed MA (2005) Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chem Rev 105(4):1025–1102
Mie G (1908) Articles on the optical characteristics of turbid tubes, especially colloidal metal solutions. Annalen Der Physik 25(3):377–445
Faraday M (1857) The bakerian lecture: experimental relations of gold (and other metals) to light. Philos Trans Roy Soc Lond 147:145–181
Link S, El-Sayed MA (2003) Optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of metallic nanocrystals. Annu Rev Phys Chem 54:331–366
Link S, El-Sayed MA (2000) Shape and size dependence of radiative, non-radiative and photothermal properties of gold nanocrystals. Int Rev Phys Chem 19(3):409–453
El-Sayed MA (2001) Some interesting properties of metals confined in time and nanometer space of different shapes. Acc Chem Res 34(4):257–264
Xia YN, Halas NJ (2005) Shape-controlled synthesis and surface plasmonic properties of metallic nanostructures. Mrs Bull 30(5):338–344
Jain PK, Huang XH, El-Sayed IH, El-Sayed MA (2008) Noble metals on the nanoscale: Optical and photothermal properties and some applications in imaging, sensing, biology, and medicine. Acc Chem Res 41(12):1578–1586
Loo C, Lowery A, Halas NJ, West J et al (2005) Immunotargeted nanoshells for integrated cancer imaging and therapy. Nano Lett 5(4):709–711
Huang XH, El-Sayed IH, Qian W, El-Sayed MA (2006) Cancer cell imaging and photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region by using gold nanorods. J Am Chem Soc 128(6):2115–2120
Link S, El-Sayed MA (1999) Spectral properties and relaxation dynamics of surface plasmon electronic oscillations in gold and silver nanodots and nanorods. J Phys Chem B 103(40):8410–8426
Busbee BD, Obare SO, Murphy CJ (2003) An improved synthesis of high-aspect-ratio gold nanorods. Adv Mater 15(5):414–416
Nikoobakht B, El-Sayed MA (2003) Preparation and growth mechanism of gold nanorods (nrs) using seed-mediated growth method. Chem Mater 15(10):1957–1962
Murphy CJ, Jana NR (2002) Controlling the aspect ratio of inorganic nanorods and nanowires. Adv Mater 14(1):80–82
Murphy CJ, Sau TK, Gole A, Orendorff CJ (2005) Surfactant-directed synthesis and optical properties of one-dimensional plasmonic metallic nanostructures. Mrs Bull 30(5):349–355
Jana NR, Gearheart L, Murphy CJ (2001) Wet chemical synthesis of silver nanorods and nanowires of controllable aspect ratio. Chem Commun 7:617–618
Jin RC, Cao YW, Mirkin CA, Kelly KL et al (2001) Photoinduced conversion of silver nanospheres to nanoprisms. Science 294(5548):1901–1903
Millstone JE, Park S, Shuford KL, Qin LD et al (2005) Observation of a quadrupole plasmon mode for a colloidal solution of gold nanoprisms. J Am Chem Soc 127(15):5312–5313
Pastoriza-Santos I, Liz-Marzan LM (2002) Synthesis of silver nanoprisms in dmf. Nano Lett 2(8):903–905
Sun YG, Xia YN (2003) Triangular nanoplates of silver: synthesis, characterization, and use as sacrificial templates for generating triangular nanorings of gold. Adv Mater 15(9):695–699
Chen SH, Carroll DL (2002) Synthesis and characterization of truncated triangular silver nanoplates. Nano Lett 2(9):1003–1007
Averitt RD, Sarkar D, Halas NJ (1997) Plasmon resonance shifts of au-coated au2s nanoshells: insight into multicomponent nanoparticle growth. Phys Rev Lett 78(22):4217–4220
Oldenburg SJ, Averitt RD, Westcott SL, Halas NJ (1998) Nanoengineering of optical resonances. Chem Phys Lett 288(2–4):243–247
Halas NJ (2005) Playing with plasmons. Tuning the optical resonant properties of metallic nanoshells. Mrs Bull 30(5):362–367
Hao E, Bailey RC, Schatz GC, Hupp JT et al (2004) Synthesis and optical properties of "branched" gold nanocrystals. Nano Lett 4(2):327–330
Nehl CL, Liao HW, Hafner JH (2006) Optical properties of star-shaped gold nanoparticles. Nano Lett 6(4):683–688
Chen JY, Wiley B, Li ZY, Campbell D et al (2005) Gold nanocages: engineering their structure for biomedical applications. Adv Mater 17(18):2255–2261
Chen JY, McLellan JM, Siekkinen A, Xiong YJ et al (2006) Facile synthesis of gold-silver nanocages with controllable pores on the surface. J Am Chem Soc 128(46):14776–14777
Kreibig U, Vollmer M (1995) Optical properties of metal clusters. Springer, Berlin
Bohren CF, Huffman DR (1998) Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. Wiley, New York
Mulvaney P (1996) Surface plasmon spectroscopy of nanosized metal particles. Langmuir 12(3):788–800
Raether H (1988) Surface plasmon on smooth and rough surfaces and on gratings. Springer, Berlin
Willets KA, Van Duyne RP (2007) Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing. Annu Rev Phys Chem 58:267–297
Kuwata H, Tamaru H, Esumi K, Miyano K (2003) Resonant light scattering from metal nanoparticles: practical analysis beyond rayleigh approximation. Appl Phys Lett 83(22):4625–4627
Gan QQ, Song GF, Yang GH, Xu Y et al (2006) Near-field scanning optical microscopy with an active probe. Appl Phys Lett 88(12):121111
Mitsui T (2005) Development of a polarization-preserving optical-fiber probe for near-field scanning optical microscopy and the influences of bending and squeezing on the polarization properties. Rev Sci Instrum 76(4):043703
Betzig E, Chichester RJ (1993) Single molecules observed by near-field scanning optical microscopy. Science 262(5138):1422–1425
Betzig E, Trautman JK, Harris TD, Weiner JS et al (1991) Breaking the diffraction barrier–optical microscopy on a nanometric scale. Science 251(5000):1468–1470
Bethe HA (1944) Theory of diffraction by small holes. Phys Rev 66(7–8):163–182
de Abajo F (2002) Light transmission through a single cylindrical hole in a metallic film. Opt Express 10(25):1475–1484
Ozcan A, Cubukcu E, Bilenca A, Crozier KB et al (2006) Differential near-field scanning optical microscopy. Nano Lett 6(11):2609–2616
Egerton RF (1996) Electron energy-loss spectroscopy in the electron microscope second edition. Plenum, New York
Raether H (1980) Excitation of plasmons and interband transitions by electrons, vol 88. Springer, Berlin
Koh AL, Fernandez-Dominguez AI, McComb DW, Maier SA et al (2011) High-resolution mapping of electron-beam-excited plasmon modes in lithographically defined gold nanostructures. Nano Lett 11(3):1323–1330
Schaffer B, Grogger W, Kothleitner G, Hofer F (2010) Comparison of eftem and stem eels plasmon imaging of gold nanoparticles in a monochromated tem. Ultramicroscopy 110(8):1087–1093
Garcia de Abajo FJ (2010) Optical excitations in electron microscopy. Rev Mod Phys 82(1):209–275
Chu M-W, Myroshnychenko V, Chen CH, Deng J-P et al (2009) Probing bright and dark surface-plasmon modes in individual and coupled noble metal nanoparticles using an electron beam. Nano Lett 9(1):399–404
Nelayah J, Kociak M, Stephan O, Garcia de Abajo FJ et al (2007) Mapping surface plasmons on a single metallic nanoparticle. Nat Phys 3(5):348–353
N′Gom M, Li S, Schatz G, Erni R et al (2009) Electron-beam mapping of plasmon resonances in electromagnetically interacting gold nanorods. Phys Rev B 80(11):113411
Guiton BS, Iberi V, Li SZ, Leonard DN, Parish CM, Kotula PG, Varela M, Schatz GC, Pennycook SJ, Camden JP (2011) Correlated optical measurements and plasmon mapping of silver nanorods. Nano Lett 11(8):3482–3488
Campion A, Kambhampati P (1998) Surface-enhanced raman scattering. Chem Soc Rev 27(4):241–250
Kneipp K, Kneipp H, Itzkan I, Dasari RR et al (1999) Ultrasensitive chemical analysis by raman spectroscopy. Chem Rev 99(10):2957–2976
Schatz GC (1984) Theoretical-studies of surface enhanced raman-scattering. Acc Chem Res 17(10):370–376
Moskovits M (1985) Surface-enhanced spectroscopy. Rev Mod Phys 57(3):783–826
Lal S, Grady NK, Goodrich GP, Halas NJ (2006) Profiling the near field of a plasmonic nanoparticle with raman-based molecular rulers. Nano Lett 6(10):2338–2343
Kelly KL, Coronado E, Zhao LL, Schatz GC (2003) The optical properties of metal nanoparticles: the influence of size, shape, and dielectric environment. J Phys Chem B 107(3):668–677
Noguez C (2007) Surface plasmons on metal nanoparticles: the influence of shape and physical environment. J Phys Chem C 111(10):3806–3819
Riikonen S, Romero I, Garcia de Abajo FJ (2005) Plasmon tunability in metallodielectric metamaterials. Phys Rev B 71(23):235104
Gonzalez AL, Noguez C (2007) Influence of morphology on the optical properties of metal nanoparticles. J Comput Theoret Nanosci 4(2):231–238
Yee KS (1966) Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving maxwell's equations in isotropic media. IEEE Trans Antenn Propag AP14(3):302–307
Jensen LL, Jensen L (2009) Atomistic electrodynamics model for optical properties of silver nanoclusters. J Phys Chem C 113(34):15182–15190
Morton SM, Jensen L (2009) Understanding the molecule-surface chemical coupling in sers. J Am Chem Soc 131(11):4090–4098
Zangwill A, Soven P (1980) Density-functional approach to local-field effects in finite systems – photoabsorption in the rare-gases. Phys Rev A 21(5):1561–1572
Rodriguez-Fernandez J, Perez-Juste J, Garcia de Abajo FJ, Liz-Marzan LM (2006) Seeded growth of submicron au colloids with quadrupole plasmon resonance modes. Langmuir 22(16):7007–7010
Malynych S, Chumanov G (2007) Extinction spectra of quasi-spherical silver sub-micron particles. J Quan Spectros Radiat Trans 106(1–3):297–303
Luther JM, Jain PK, Ewers T, Alivisatos AP (2011) Localized surface plasmon resonances arising from free carriers in doped quantum dots. Nat Mater 10(5):361–366
Wang C, Yin H, Chan R, Peng S et al (2009) One-pot synthesis of oleylamine coated auag alloy nps and their catalysis for co oxidation. Chem Mater 21(3):433–435
Mulvaney P, Giersig M, Henglein A (1993) Electrochemistry of multilayer colloids - preparation and absorption-spectrum of gold-coated silver particles. J Phys Chem 97(27):7061–7064
Hostetler MJ, Zhong CJ, Yen BKH, Anderegg J et al (1998) Stable, monolayer-protected metal alloy clusters. J Am Chem Soc 120(36):9396–9397
Link S, Wang ZL, El-Sayed MA (1999) Alloy formation of gold-silver nanoparticles and the dependence of the plasmon absorption on their composition. J Phys Chem B 103(18):3529–3533
Mallin MP, Murphy CJ (2002) Solution-phase synthesis of sub-10 nm au-ag alloy nanoparticles. Nano Lett 2(11):1235–1237
Shibata T, Bunker BA, Zhang ZY, Meisel D et al (2002) Size-dependent spontaneous alloying of Au-Ag nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 124(40):11989–11996
Wilson OM, Scott RWJ, Garcia-Martinez JC, Crooks RM (2005) Synthesis, characterization, and structure-selective extraction of 1-3-nm diameter auag dendrimer-encapsulated bimetallic nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 127(3):1015–1024
Wilcoxon J (2009) Optical absorption properties of dispersed gold and silver alloy nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 113(9):2647–2656
Hodak JH, Henglein A, Giersig M, Hartland GV (2000) Laser-induced inter-diffusion in auag core-shell nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 104(49):11708–11718
Mallik K, Mandal M, Pradhan N, Pal T (2001) Seed mediated formation of bimetallic nanoparticles by uv irradiation: a photochemical approach for the preparation of "core-shell" type structures. Nano Lett 1(6):319–322
Wilcoxon JP, Provencio PP (2004) Heterogeneous growth of metal clusters from solutions of seed nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 126(20):6402–6408
Zhang J, Tang Y, Weng L, Ouyang M (2009) Versatile strategy for precisely tailored core@shell nanostructures with single shell layer accuracy: the case of metallic shell. Nano Lett 9(12):4061–4065
Wang C, Peng S, Chan R, Sun S (2009) Synthesis of auag alloy nanoparticles from core/shell-structured ag/au. Small 5(5):567–570
Liz-Marzan LM (2006) Tailoring surface plasmons through the morphology and assembly of metal nanoparticles. Langmuir 22(1):32–41
Rivas L, Sanchez-Cortes S, Garcia-Ramos JV, Morcillo G (2000) Mixed silver/gold colloids: a study of their formation, morphology, and surface-enhanced raman activity. Langmuir 16(25):9722–9728
Srnova-Sloufova I, Lednicky F, Gemperle A, Gemperlova J (2000) Core-shell (ag)au bimetallic nanoparticles: analysis of transmission electron microscopy images. Langmuir 16(25):9928–9935
Rodriguez-Gonzalez B, Burrows A, Watanabe M, Kiely CJ et al (2005) Multishell bimetallic auag nanoparticles: synthesis, structure and optical properties. J Mater Chem 15(17):1755–1759
Shore MS, Wang J, Johnston-Peck AC, Oldenburg AL et al (2011) Synthesis of au(core)/ag(shell) nanoparticles and their conversion to auag alloy nanoparticles. Small 7(2):230–234
Huang XH, Neretina S, El-Sayed MA (2009) Gold nanorods: from synthesis and properties to biological and biomedical applications. Adv Mater 21(48):4880–4910
Murphy CJ, San TK, Gole AM, Orendorff CJ et al (2005) Anisotropic metal nanoparticles: synthesis, assembly, and optical applications. J Phys Chem B 109(29):13857–13870
Perez-Juste J, Pastoriza-Santos I, Liz-Marzan LM, Mulvaney P (2005) Gold nanorods: synthesis, characterization and applications. Coord Chem Rev 249(17–18):1870–1901
Gans R (1912) The shape of ultra microscopic gold particles. Annalen Der Physik 37(5):881–900
Yu YY, Chang SS, Lee CL, Wang CRC (1997) Gold nanorods: electrochemical synthesis and optical properties. J Phys Chem B 101(34):6661–6664
Zuloaga J, Prodan E, Nordlander P (2010) Quantum plasmonics: optical properties and tunability of metallic nanorods. ACS Nano 4(9):5269–5276
Murphy CJ, Gole AM, Hunyadi SE, Orendorff CJ (2006) One-dimensional colloidal gold and silver nanostructures. Inorg Chem 45(19):7544–7554
Caswell KK, Bender CM, Murphy CJ (2003) Seedless, surfactantless wet chemical synthesis of silver nanowires. Nano Lett 3(5):667–669
Wiley BJ, Chen Y, McLellan JM, Xiong Y et al (2007) Synthesis and optical properties of silver nanobars and nanorice. Nano Lett 7(4):1032–1036
Martin CR (1996) Membrane-based synthesis of nanomaterials. Chem Mater 8(8):1739–1746
Mieszawska AJ, Jalilian R, Sumanasekera GU, Zamborini FP (2007) The synthesis and fabrication of one-dimensional nanoscale heterojunctions. Small 3(5):722–756
Chang SS, Shih CW, Chen CD, Lai WC et al (1999) The shape transition of gold nanorods. Langmuir 15(3):701–709
Murphy CJ, Thompson LB, Chernak DJ, Yang JA et al (2011) Gold nanorod crystal growth: from seed-mediated synthesis to nanoscale sculpting. Curr Opin Colloid Interf Sci 16(2):128–134
Wiesner J, Wokaun A (1989) Anisometric gold colloids - preparation, characterization, and optical-properties. Chem Phys Lett 157(6):569–575
Jana NR, Gearheart L, Murphy CJ (2001) Wet chemical synthesis of high aspect ratio cylindrical gold nanorods. J Phys Chem B 105(19):4065–4067
Jana NR, Gearheart L, Murphy CJ (2001) Seed-mediated growth approach for shape-controlled synthesis of spheroidal and rod-like gold nanoparticles using a surfactant template. Adv Mater 13(18):1389–1393
Grzelczak M, Perez-Juste J, Mulvaney P, Liz-Marzan LM (2008) Shape control in gold nanoparticle synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 37(9):1783–1791
Wu HY, Chu HC, Kuo TJ, Kuo CL et al (2005) Seed-mediated synthesis of high aspect ratio gold nanorods with nitric acid. Chem Mater 17(25):6447–6451
Chen HM, Peng HC, Liu RS, Asakura K et al (2005) Controlling the length and shape of gold nanorods. J Phys Chem B 109(42):19553–19555
Sau TK, Murphy CJ (2004) Room temperature, high-yield synthesis of multiple shapes of gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution. J Am Chem Soc 126(28):8648–8649
Smith DK, Korgel BA (2008) The importance of the ctab surfactant on the colloidal seed-mediated synthesis of gold nanorods. Langmuir 24(3):644–649
Smith DK, Miller NR, Korgel BA (2009) Iodide in ctab prevents gold nanorod formation. Langmuir 25(16):9518–9524
Kim F, Song JH, Yang PD (2002) Photochemical synthesis of gold nanorods. J Am Chem Soc 124(48):14316–14317
Giannici F, Placido T, Curri ML, Striccoli M et al (2009) The fate of silver ions in the photochemical synthesis of gold nanorods: an extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis. Dalton Trans 46:10367–10374
Placido T, Comparelli R, Giannici F, Cozzoli PD et al (2009) Photochemical synthesis of water-soluble gold nanorods: the role of silver in assisting anisotropic growth. Chem Mater 21(18):4192–4202
Niidome Y, Nishioka K, Kawasaki H, Yamada S (2003) Rapid synthesis of gold nanorods by the combination of chemical reduction and photoirradiation processes; morphological changes depending on the growing processes. Chem Commun 18:2376–2377
Miranda OR, Ahmadi TS (2005) Effects of intensity and energy of cw uv light on the growth of gold nanorods. J Phys Chem B 109(33):15724–15734
Ahmed M, Narain R (2010) Rapid synthesis of gold nanorods using a one-step photochemical strategy. Langmuir 26(23):18392–18399
Nishioka K, Niidome Y, Yamada S (2007) Photochemical reactions of ketones to synthesize gold nanorods. Langmuir 23(20):10353–10356
Billot L, de la Chapelle ML, Grimault AS, Vial A et al (2006) Surface enhanced raman scattering on gold nanowire arrays: evidence of strong multipolar surface plasmon resonance enhancement. Chem Phys Lett 422(4–6):303–307
Dayal PB, Koyama F (2007) Polarization control of 0.85 mu m vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers integrated with gold nanorod arrays. Appl Phys Lett 91(11):111–107
Hu M, Novo C, Funston A, Wang H et al (2008) Dark-field microscopy studies of single metal nanoparticles: understanding the factors that influence the linewidth of the localized surface plasmon resonance. J Mater Chem 18(17):1949–1960
Sonnichsen C, Franzl T, Wilk T, von Plessen G et al (2002) Drastic reduction of plasmon damping in gold nanorods. Phys Rev Lett 88(7):077402
Novo C, Gomez D, Perez-Juste J, Zhang Z et al (2006) Contributions from radiation damping and surface scattering to the linewidth of the longitudinal plasmon band of gold nanorods: a single particle study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 8(30):3540–3546
Mooradia A (1969) Photoluminescence of metals. Phys Rev Lett 22(5):185–187
Boyd GT, Yu ZH, Shen YR (1986) Photoinduced luminescence from the noble-metals and its enhancement on roughened surfaces. Phys Rev B 33(12):7923–7936
Mohamed MB, Volkov V, Link S, El-Sayed MA (2000) The 'lightning' gold nanorods: fluorescence enhancement of over a million compared to the gold metal. Chem Phys Lett 317(6):517–523
Eustis S, El-Sayed M (2005) Aspect ratio dependence of the enhanced fluorescence intensity of gold nanorods: experimental and simulation study. J Phys Chem B 109(34):16350–16356
Bouhelier A, Bachelot R, Lerondel G, Kostcheev S et al (2005) Surface plasmon characteristics of tunable photoluminescence in single gold nanorods. Phys Rev Lett 95(26):267405
Imura K, Nagahara T, Okamoto H (2004) Plasmon mode imaging of single gold nanorods. J Am Chem Soc 126(40):12730–12731
Imura K, Nagahara T, Okamoto H (2005) Near-field two-photon-induced photoluminescence from single gold nanorods and imaging of plasmon modes. J Phys Chem B 109(27):13214–13220
Imura K, Nagahara T, Okamoto H (2005) Near-field optical imaging of plasmon modes in gold nanorods. J Chem Phys 122(15):154701
Wang HF, Huff TB, Zweifel DA, He W et al (2005) In vitro and in vivo two-photon luminescence imaging of single gold nanorods. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(44):15752–15756
Durr NJ, Larson T, Smith DK, Korgel BA et al (2007) Two-photon luminescence imaging of cancer cells using molecularly targeted gold nanorods. Nano Lett 7(4):941–945
Sershen SR, Westcott SL, Halas NJ, West JL (2000) Temperature-sensitive polymer-nanoshell composites for photothermally modulated drug delivery. J Biomed Mater Res 51(3):293–298
Hirsch LR, Jackson JB, Lee A, Halas NJ et al (2003) A whole blood immunoassay using gold nanoshells. Anal Chem 75(10):2377–2381
Jackson JB, Westcott SL, Hirsch LR, West JL et al (2003) Controlling the surface enhanced raman effect via the nanoshell geometry. Appl Phys Lett 82(2):257–259
Jackson JB, Halas NJ (2004) Surface-enhanced raman scattering on tunable plasmonic nanoparticle substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(52):17930–17935
Tam F, Goodrich GP, Johnson BR, Halas NJ (2007) Plasmonic enhancement of molecular fluorescence. Nano Lett 7(2):496–501
Kundu J, Le F, Nordlander P, Halas NJ (2008) Surface enhanced infrared absorption (seira) spectroscopy on nanoshell aggregate substrates. Chem Phys Lett 452(1–3):115–119
Hirsch LR, Stafford RJ, Bankson JA, Sershen SR et al (2003) Nanoshell-mediated near-infrared thermal therapy of tumors under magnetic resonance guidance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(23):13549–13554
Loo C, Lin A, Hirsch L, Lee MH et al (2004) Nanoshell-enabled photonics-based imaging and therapy of cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 3(1):33–40
Aden AL, Kerker M (1951) Scattering of electromagnetic waves from 2 concentric spheres. J Appl Phys 22(10):1242–1246
Neeves AE, Birnboim MH (1989) Composite structures for the enhancement of nonlinear-optical susceptibility. J Opt Soc Am B Opt Phys 6(4):787–796
Zhou HS, Honma I, Komiyama H, Haus JW (1994) Controlled synthesis and quantum-size effect in gold-coated nanoparticles. Phys Rev B 50(16):12052–12056
Stober W, Fink A, Bohn E (1968) Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in micron size range. J Colloid Interf Sci 26(1):62–69
Shi WL, Sahoo Y, Swihart MT, Prasad PN (2005) Gold nanoshells on polystyrene cores for control of surface plasmon resonance. Langmuir 21(4):1610–1617
Bardhan R, Grady NK, Ali T, Halas NJ (2010) Metallic nanoshells with semiconductor cores: optical characteristics modified by core medium properties. ACS Nano 4(10):6169–6179
Brinson BE, Lassiter JB, Levin CS, Bardhan R et al (2008) Nanoshells made easy: improving au layer growth on nanoparticle surfaces. Langmuir 24(24):14166–14171
Jackson JB, Halas NJ (2001) Silver nanoshells: variations in morphologies and optical properties. J Phys Chem B 105(14):2743–2746
Jiang ZJ, Liu CY (2003) Seed-mediated growth technique for the preparation of a silver nanoshell on a silica sphere. J Phys Chem B 107(45):12411–12415
Wang H, Tam F, Grady NK, Halas NJ (2005) Cu nanoshells: effects of interband transitions on the nanoparticle plasmon resonance. J Phys Chem B 109(39):18218–18222
Liu JB, Dong W, Zhan P, Wang SZ et al (2005) Synthesis of bimetallic nanoshells by an improved electroless plating method. Langmuir 21(5):1683–1686
Oldenburg SJ, Jackson JB, Westcott SL, Halas NJ (1999) Infrared extinction properties of gold nanoshells. Appl Phys Lett 75(19):2897–2899
Tam F, Moran C, Halas NJ (2004) Geometrical parameters controlling sensitivity of nanoshell plasmon resonances to changes in dielectric environment. J Phys Chem B 108(45):17290–17294
Nehl CL, Grady NK, Goodrich GP, Tam F et al (2004) Scattering spectra of single gold nanoshells. Nano Lett 4(12):2355–2359
Tam F, Chen AL, Kundu J, Wang H et al (2007) Mesoscopic nanoshells: geometry-dependent plasmon resonances beyond the quasistatic limit. J Chem Phys 127(20):204703
Brandl DW, Nordlander P (2007) Plasmon modes of curvilinear metallic core/shell particles. J Chem Phys 126(14):144708
Wang H, Fu K, Drezek RA, Halas NJ (2006) Light scattering from spherical plasmonic nanoantennas: effects of nanoscale roughness. Appl Phys B Lasers Optics 84(1–2):191–195
Wang H, Goodrich GP, Tam F, Oubre C et al (2005) Controlled texturing modifies the surface topography and plasmonic properties of au nanoshells. J Phys Chem B 109(22):11083–11087
Oubre C, Nordlander P (2004) Optical properties of metallodielectric nanostructures calculated using the finite difference time domain method. J Phys Chem B 108(46):17740–17747
Prodan E, Radloff C, Halas NJ, Nordlander P (2003) A hybridization model for the plasmon response of complex nanostructures. Science 302(5644):419–422
Prodan E, Nordlander P (2004) Plasmon hybridization in spherical nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 120(11):5444–5454
Nordlander P, Oubre C, Prodan E, Li K et al (2004) Plasmon hybridization in nanoparticle dimers. Nano Lett 4(5):899–903
Wang H, Brandl DW, Nordlander P, Halas NJ (2007) Plasmonic nanostructures: artificial molecules. Acc Chem Res 40(1):53–62
Prodan E, Nordlander P (2003) Structural tunability of the plasmon resonances in metallic nanoshells. Nano Lett 3(4):543–547
Radloff C, Halas NJ (2004) Plasmonic properties of concentric nanoshells. Nano Lett 4(7):1323–1327
Bardhan R, Mukherjee S, Mirin NA, Levit SD et al (2010) Nanosphere-in-a-nanoshell: a simple nanomatryushka. J Phys Chem C 114(16):7378–7383
Wang H, Wu YP, Lassiter B, Nehl CL et al (2006) Symmetry breaking in individual plasmonic nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(29):10856–10860
Wu Y, Nordlander P (2006) Plasmon hybridization in nanoshells with a nonconcentric core. J Chem Phys 125(12):124708
Shvets G, Urzhumov YA (2004) Engineering the electromagnetic properties of periodic nanostructures using electrostatic resonances. Phys Rev Lett 93(24):243902
Brandl DW, Oubre C, Nordlander P (2005) Plasmon hybridization in nanoshell dimers. J Chem Phys 123(2):024701
Love JC, Gates BD, Wolfe DB, Paul KE et al (2002) Fabrication and wetting properties of metallic half-shells with submicron diameters. Nano Lett 2(8):891–894
Liu J, McBean KE, Harris N, Cortie MB (2007) Optical properties of suspensions of gold half-shells. Mater Sci Engin B-Solid State Mater Advan Technol 140(3):195–198
Charnay C, Lee A, Man SQ, Moran CE et al (2003) Reduced symmetry metallodielectric nanoparticles: chemical synthesis and plasmonic properties. J Phys Chem B 107(30):7327–7333
Lu Y, Liu GL, Kim J, Mejia YX et al (2005) Nanophotonic crescent moon structures with sharp edge for ultrasensitive biomolecular detection by local electromagnetic field enhancement effect. Nano Lett 5(1):119–124
Liu GL, Lu Y, Kim J, Doll JC et al (2005) Magnetic nanocrescents as controllable surface-enhanced raman scattering nanoprobes for biomolecular imaging. Adv Mater 17(22):2683–2688
Lassiter JB, Knight MW, Mirin NA, Halas NJ (2009) Reshaping the plasmonic properties of an individual nanoparticle. Nano Lett 9(12):4326–4332
Mirin NA, Halas NJ (2009) Light-bending nanoparticles. Nano Lett 9(3):1255–1259
Cortie M, Ford M (2007) A plasmon-induced current loop in gold semi-shells. Nanotechnology 18(23):235704
Knight MW, Halas NJ (2008) Nanoshells to nanoeggs to nanocups: optical properties of reduced symmetry core-shell nanoparticles beyond the quasistatic limit. New J Phys 10:105006
Mirin NA, Ali TA, Nordlander P, Halas NJ (2010) Perforated semishells: far-field directional control and optical frequency magnetic response. ACS Nano 4(5):2701–2712
Wang H, Brandl DW, Le F, Nordlander P et al (2006) Nanorice: a hybrid plasmonic nanostructure. Nano Lett 6(4):827–832
Schuck PJ, Fromm DP, Sundaramurthy A, Kino GS et al (2005) Improving the mismatch between light and nanoscale objects with gold bowtie nanoantennas. Phys Rev Lett 94:017402
Sanchez EJ, Novotny L, Xie XS (1999) Near-field fluorescence microscopy based on two-photon excitation with metal tips. Phys Rev Lett 82(20):4014–4017
Millstone JE, Hurst SJ, Metraux GS, Cutler JI et al (2009) Colloidal gold and silver triangular nanoprisms. Small 5(6):646–664
Shuford KL, Ratner MA, Schatz GC (2005) Multipolar excitation in triangular nanoprisms. J Chem Phys 123(11):114713
Jin RC, Cao YC, Hao EC, Metraux GS et al (2003) Controlling anisotropic nanoparticle growth through plasmon excitation. Nature 425(6957):487–490
Callegari A, Tonti D, Chergui M (2003) Photochemically grown silver nanoparticles with wavelength-controlled size and shape. Nano Lett 3(11):1565–1568
Xue C, Mirkin CA (2007) pH-switchable silver nanoprism growth pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed 46(12):2036–2038
Xue C, Metraux GS, Millstone JE, Mirkin CA (2008) Mechanistic study of photomediated triangular silver nanoprism growth. J Am Chem Soc 130(26):8337–8344
Pastoriza-Santos I, Liz-Marzan LM (2002) Formation of pvp-protected metal nanoparticles in dmf. Langmuir 18(7):2888–2894
Malikova N, Pastoriza-Santos I, Schierhorn M, Kotov NA et al (2002) Layer-by-layer assembled mixed spherical and planar gold nanoparticles: control of interparticle interactions. Langmuir 18(9):3694–3697
Kim F, Connor S, Song H, Kuykendall T et al (2004) Platonic gold nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed 43(28):3673–3677
Shankar SS, Rai A, Ankamwar B, Singh A et al (2004) Biological synthesis of triangular gold nanoprisms. Nat Mater 3(7):482–488
Millstone JE, Metraux GS, Mirkin CA (2006) Controlling the edge length of gold nanoprisms via a seed-mediated approach. Adv Funct Mater 16(9):1209–1214
Zhang Q, Ge JP, Pham T, Goebl J et al (2009) Reconstruction of silver nanoplates by uv irradiation: tailored optical properties and enhanced stability. Angew Chem Int Ed 48(19):3516–3519
Lee BH, Hsu MS, Hsu YC, Lo CW et al (2010) A facile method to obtain highly stable silver nanoplate colloids with desired surface plasmon resonance wavelengths. J Phys Chem C 114(14):6222–6227
An J, Tang B, Zheng XL, Zhou J et al (2008) Sculpturing effect of chloride ions in shape transformation from triangular to discal silver nanoplates. J Phys Chem C 112(39):15176–15182
Ciou SH, Cao YW, Huang HC, Su DY et al (2009) Sers enhancement factors studies of silver nanoprism and spherical nanoparticle colloids in the presence of bromide ions. J Phys Chem C 113(22):9520–9525
Tang B, An J, Zheng XL, Xu SP et al (2008) Silver nanodisks with tunable size by heat aging. J Phys Chem C 112(47):18361–18367
Tao A, Sinsermsuksakul P, Yang P (2006) Polyhedral silver nanocrystals with distinct scattering signatures. Angew Chem Int Ed 45(28):4597–4601
Khoury CG, Vo-Dinh T (2008) Gold nanostars for surface-enhanced raman scattering: synthesis, characterization and optimization. J Phys Chem C 112(48):18849–18859
Nehl CL, Hafner JH (2008) Shape-dependent plasmon resonances of gold nanoparticles. J Mater Chem 18(21):2415–2419
Xie JP, Lee JY, Wang DIC (2007) Seedless, surfactantless, high-yield synthesis of branched gold nanocrystals in hepes buffer solution. Chem Mater 19(11):2823–2830
Chen SH, Wang ZL, Ballato J, Foulger SH et al (2003) Monopod, bipod, tripod, and tetrapod gold nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 125(52):16186–16187
Bakr OM, Wunsch BH, Stellacci F (2006) High-yield synthesis of multi-branched urchin-like gold nanoparticles. Chem Mater 18(14):3297–3301
Kim DY, Yu T, Cho EC, Ma Y et al (2011) Synthesis of gold nano-hexapods with controllable arm lengths and their tunable optical properties. Angew Chem Int Ed 50(28):6328–6331
Wu HL, Chen CH, Huang MH (2009) Seed-mediated synthesis of branched gold nanocrystals derived from the side growth of pentagonal bipyramids and the formation of gold nanostars. Chem Mater 21(1):110–114
Liao HG, Jiang YX, Zhou ZY, Chen SP et al (2008) Shape-controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles in deep eutectic solvents for studies of structure-functionality relationships in electrocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 47(47):9100–9103
Burt JL, Elechiguerra JL, Reyes-Gasga J, Montejano-Carrizales JM et al (2005) Beyond archimedean solids: star polyhedral gold nanocrystals. J Cryst Growth 285(4):681–691
Yamamoto M, Kashiwagi Y, Sakata T, Mori H et al (2005) Synthesis and morphology of star-shaped gold nanoplates protected by poly(n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone). Chem Mater 17(22):5391–5393
Hao F, Nehl CL, Hafner JH, Nordlander P (2007) Plasmon resonances of a gold nanostar. Nano Lett 7(3):729–732
Skrabalak SE, Chen J, Sun Y, Lu X et al (2008) Gold nanocages: synthesis, properties, and applications. Acc Chem Res 41(12):1587–1595
Sun YG, Xia YN (2002) Shape-controlled synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles. Science 298(5601):2176–2179
Skrabalak SE, Au L, Li X, Xia Y (2007) Facile synthesis of ag nanocubes and au nanocages. Nat Protoc 2(9):2182–2190
Sun YG, Xia YN (2004) Mechanistic study on the replacement reaction between silver nanostructures and chloroauric acid in aqueous medium. J Am Chem Soc 126(12):3892–3901
Chen JY, Wiley B, McLellan J, Xiong YJ et al (2005) Optical properties of pd-ag and pt-ag nanoboxes synthesized via galvanic replacement reactions. Nano Lett 5(10):2058–2062
Cobley CM, Campbell DJ, Xia Y (2008) Tailoring the optical and catalytic properties of gold-silver nanoboxes and nanocages by introducing palladium. Adv Mater 20(4):748–752
Skrabalak SE, Chen J, Au L, Lu X et al (2007) Gold nanocages for biomedical applications. Adv Mater 19(20):3177–3184
Yang X, Skrabalak SE, Li Z-Y, Xia Y et al (2007) Photoacoustic tomography of a rat cerebral cortex in vivo with au nanocages as an optical contrast agent. Nano Lett 7(12):3798–3802
Chen J, Saeki F, Wiley BJ, Cang H et al (2005) Gold nanocages: bioconjugation and their potential use as optical imaging contrast agents. Nano Lett 5(3):473–477
Cang H, Sun T, Li ZY, Chen JY et al (2005) Gold nanocages as contrast agents for spectroscopic optical coherence tomography. Opt Lett 30(22):3048–3050
Halas NJ, Lal S, Chang W-S, Link S et al (2011) Plasmons in strongly coupled metallic nanostructures. Chem Rev 111(6):3913–3961
Jin RC, Wu GS, Li Z, Mirkin CA et al (2003) What controls the melting properties of DNA-linked gold nanoparticle assemblies? J Am Chem Soc 125(6):1643–1654
Storhoff JJ, Elghanian R, Mucic RC, Mirkin CA et al (1998) One-pot colorimetric differentiation of polynucleotides with single base imperfections using gold nanoparticle probes. J Am Chem Soc 120(9):1959–1964
Storhoff JJ, Lazarides AA, Mucic RC, Mirkin CA et al (2000) What controls the optical properties of DNA-linked gold nanoparticle assemblies? J Am Chem Soc 122(19):4640–4650
Tan SJ, Campolongo MJ, Luo D, Cheng WL (2011) Building plasmonic nanostructures with DNA. Nat Nanotechnol 6(5):268–276
Camden JP, Dieringer JA, Wang Y, Masiello DJ et al (2008) Probing the structure of single-molecule surface-enhanced raman scattering hot spots. J Am Chem Soc 130(38):12616–12617
Dieringer JA, Lettan RB II, Scheidt KA, Van Duyne RP (2007) A frequency domain existence proof of single-molecule surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 129(51):16249–16256
Kneipp K, Kneipp H, Kneipp J (2006) Surface-enhanced raman scattering in local optical fields of silver and gold nanoaggregatess - from single-molecule raman spectroscopy to ultrasensitive probing in live cells. Acc Chem Res 39(7):443–450
Kneipp K, Wang Y, Kneipp H, Perelman LT et al (1997) Single molecule detection using surface-enhanced raman scattering (sers). Phys Rev Lett 78(9):1667–1670
Michaels AM, Nirmal M, Brus LE (1999) Surface enhanced raman spectroscopy of individual rhodamine 6g molecules on large ag nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 121(43):9932–9939
Nie SM, Emery SR (1997) Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced raman scattering. Science 275(5303):1102–1106
Aravind PK, Nitzan A, Metiu H (1981) The interaction between electromagnetic resonances and its role in spectroscopic studies of molecules adsorbed on colloidal particles or metal spheres. Surf Sci 110(1):189–204
Oubre C, Nordlander P (2005) Finite-difference time-domain studies of the optical properties of nanoshell dimers. J Phys Chem B 109(20):10042–10051
Su KH, Wei QH, Zhang X, Mock JJ et al (2003) Interparticle coupling effects on plasmon resonances of nanogold particles. Nano Lett 3(8):1087–1090
Hao E, Schatz GC (2004) Electromagnetic fields around silver nanoparticles and dimers. J Chem Phys 120(1):357–366
Brown LV, Sobhani H, Lassiter JB, Nordlander P et al (2010) Heterodimers: plasmonic properties of mismatched nanoparticle pairs. ACS Nano 4(2):819–832
Lassiter JB, Aizpurua J, Hernandez LI, Brandl DW et al (2008) Close encounters between two nanoshells. Nano Lett 8(4):1212–1218
Talley CE, Jackson JB, Oubre C, Grady NK et al (2005) Surface-enhanced raman scattering from individual au nanoparticles and nanoparticle dimer substrates. Nano Lett 5(8):1569–1574
Li W, Camargo PHC, Lu X, Xia Y (2009) Dimers of silver nanospheres: facile synthesis and their use as hot spots for surface-enhanced raman scattering. Nano Lett 9(1):485–490
Camargo PHC, Au L, Rycenga M, Li W et al (2010) Measuring the sers enhancement factors of dimers with different structures constructed from silver nanocubes. Chem Phys Lett 484(4–6):304–308
Camargo PHC, Rycenga M, Au L, Xia Y (2009) Isolating and probing the hot spot formed between two silver nanocubes. Angew Chem Int Ed 48(12):2180–2184
Fromm DP, Sundaramurthy A, Kinkhabwala A, Schuck PJ et al (2006) Exploring the chemical enhancement for surface-enhanced raman scattering with au bowtie nanoantennas. J Chem Phys 124(6):061101
Jackel F, Kinkhabwala AA, Moerner WE (2007) Gold bowtie nanoantennas for surface-enhanced raman scattering under controlled electrochemical potential. Chem Phys Lett 446(4–6):339–343
Schuck PJ, Fromm DP, Sundaramurthy A, Kino GS et al (2005) Improving the mismatch between light and nanoscale objects with gold bowtie nanoantennas. Phys Rev Lett 94(1):017402
Gunnarsson L, Rindzevicius T, Prikulis J, Kasemo B et al (2005) Confined plasmons in nanofabricated single silver particle pairs: experimental observations of strong interparticle interactions. J Phys Chem B 109(3):1079–1087
Pena-Rodriguez O, Pal U, Campoy-Quiles M, Rodriguez-Fernandez L et al (2011) Enhanced fano resonance in asymmetrical au:Ag heterodimers. J Phys Chem C 115(14):6410–6414
Shao L, Woo KC, Chen H, Jin Z et al (2010) Angle- and energy-resolved plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers. ACS Nano 4(6):3053–3062
Slaughter LS, Wu Y, Willingham BA, Nordlander P et al (2010) Effects of symmetry breaking and conductive contact on the plasmon coupling in gold nanorod dimers. ACS Nano 4(8):4657–4666
Yang Z-J, Zhang Z-S, Zhang W, Hao Z-H et al (2010) Twinned fano interferences induced by hybridized plasmons in au-ag nanorod heterodimers. Appl Phys Lett 96(13):131113
Funston AM, Novo C, Davis TJ, Mulvaney P (2009) Plasmon coupling of gold nanorods at short distances and in different geometries. Nano Lett 9(4):1651–1658
Jain PK, Eustis S, El-Sayed MA (2006) Plasmon coupling in nanorod assemblies: optical absorption, discrete dipole approximation simulation, and exciton-coupling model. J Phys Chem B 110(37):18243–18253
Sonnichsen C, Reinhard BM, Liphardt J, Alivisatos AP (2005) A molecular ruler based on plasmon coupling of single gold and silver nanoparticles. Nat Biotechnol 23(6):741–745
Jain PK, Huang W, El-Sayed MA (2007) On the universal scaling behavior of the distance decay of plasmon coupling in metal nanoparticle pairs: a plasmon ruler equation. Nano Lett 7(7):2080–2088
Liu GL, Yin Y, Kunchakarra S, Mukherjee B et al (2006) A nanoplasmonic molecular ruler for measuring nuclease activity and DNA footprinting. Nat Nanotechnol 1(1):47–52
Reinhard BM, Sheikholeslami S, Mastroianni A, Alivisatos AP et al (2007) Use of plasmon coupling to reveal the dynamics of DNA bending and cleavage by single ecorv restriction enzymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104(8):2667–2672
Reinhard BM, Siu M, Agarwal H, Alivisatos AP et al (2005) Calibration of dynamic molecular rule based on plasmon coupling between gold nanoparticles. Nano Lett 5(11):2246–2252
Roy R, Hohng S, Ha T (2008) A practical guide to single-molecule fret. Nat Methods 5(6):507–516
Brandl DW, Mirin NA, Nordlander P (2006) Plasmon modes of nanosphere trimers and quadrumers. J Phys Chem B 110(25):12302–12310
Chuntonov L, Haran G (2011) Trimeric plasmonic molecules: the role of symmetry. Nano Lett 11(6):2440–2445
Fan JA, Bao K, Wu C, Bao J et al (2010) Fano-like interference in self-assembled plasmonic quadrumer clusters. Nano Lett 10(11):4680–4685
Rahmani M, Lukiyanchuk B, Ng B, Liew A, Tavakkoli KG et al (2011) Generation of pronounced fano resonances and tuning of subwavelength spatial light distribution in plasmonic pentamers. Opt Expr 19(6):4949–4956
Fan JA, Wu C, Bao K, Bao J et al (2010) Self-assembled plasmonic nanoparticle clusters. Science 328(5982):1135–1138
Lassiter JB, Sobhani H, Fan JA, Kundu J et al (2010) Fano resonances in plasmonic nanoclusters: geometrical and chemical tunability. Nano Lett 10(8):3184–3189
Hentschel M, Dregely D, Vogelgesang R, Giessen H et al (2011) Plasmonic oligomers: the role of individual particles in collective behavior. ACS Nano 5(3):2042–2050
Hentschel M, Saliba M, Vogelgesang R, Giessen H et al (2010) Transition from isolated to collective modes in plasmonic oligomers. Nano Lett 10(7):2721–2726
de Waele R, Koenderink AF, Polman A (2007) Tunable nanoscale localization of energy on plasmon particle arrays. Nano Lett 7(7):2004–2008
Maier SA, Kik PG, Atwater HA (2003) Optical pulse propagation in metal nanoparticle chain waveguides. Phys Rev B 67(20):205402
Auguie B, Barnes WL (2008) Collective resonances in gold nanoparticle arrays. Phys Rev Lett 101(14):143902
Giannini V, Vecchi G, Rivas JG (2010) Lighting up multipolar surface plasmon polaritons by collective resonances in arrays of nanoantennas. Phys Rev Lett 105(26):266801
Vecchi G, Giannini V, Rivas JG (2009) Shaping the fluorescent emission by lattice resonances in plasmonic crystals of nanoantennas. Phys Rev Lett 102(14):146807
Chu YZ, Schonbrun E, Yang T, Crozier KB (2008) Experimental observation of narrow surface plasmon resonances in gold nanoparticle arrays. Appl Phys Lett 93(18):181108
Lamprecht B, Schider G, Lechner RT, Ditlbacher H et al (2000) Metal nanoparticle gratings: influence of dipolar particle interaction on the plasmon resonance. Phys Rev Lett 84(20):4721–4724
Hicks EM, Zou SL, Schatz GC, Spears KG et al (2005) Controlling plasmon line shapes through diffractive coupling in linear arrays of cylindrical nanoparticles fabricated by electron beam lithography. Nano Lett 5(6):1065–1070
Evanoff DD, Chumanov G (2005) Synthesis and optical properties of silver nanoparticles and arrays. Chemphyschem 6(7):1221–1231
Malynych S, Chumanov G (2003) Light-induced coherent interactions between silver nanoparticles in two-dimensional arrays. J Am Chem Soc 125(10):2896–2898
Zou SL, Schatz GC (2004) Narrow plasmonic/photonic extinction and scattering line shapes for one and two dimensional silver nanoparticle arrays. J Chem Phys 121(24):12606–12612
Mayshev AV, Malyshev VA, Knoester J (2008) Frequency-controlled localization of optical signals in graded plasmonic chains. Nano Lett 8(8):2369–2372
Sukharev M, Seideman T (2006) Phase and polarization control as a route to plasmonic nanodevices. Nano Lett 6(4):715–719
Nordlander P (2008) Plasmonics – subwavelength imaging in colour. Nat Photon 2(7):387–388
Kawata S, Ono A, Verma P (2008) Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens. Nat Photon 2(7):438–442
Brongersma ML, Hartman JW, Atwater HA (2000) Electromagnetic energy transfer and switching in nanoparticle chain arrays below the diffraction limit. Phys Rev B 62(24):16356–16359
Zou SL, Schatz GC (2006) Metal nanoparticle array waveguides: proposed structures for subwavelength devices. Phys Rev B 74(12):125111
Nomura W, Ohtsu M, Yatsui T (2005) Nanodot coupler with a surface plasmon polariton condenser for optical far/near-field conversion. Appl Phys Lett 86(18):181108
Maier SA, Brongersma ML, Kik PG, Atwater HA (2002) Observation of near-field coupling in metal nanoparticle chains using far-field polarization spectroscopy. Phys Re B 65(19):193408
Maier SA, Brongersma ML, Kik PG, Meltzer S et al (2001) Plasmonics – a route to nanoscale optical devices. Adv Mater 13(19):1501–1505
Salerno M, Krenn JR, Hohenau A, Ditlbacher H et al (2005) The optical near-field of gold nanoparticle chains. Opt Commun 248(4–6):543–549
Bouhelier A, Bachelot R, Im JS, Wiederrecht GP et al (2005) Electromagnetic interactions in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays. J Phys Chem B 109(8):3195–3198
Maier SA, Kik PG, Atwater HA, Meltzer S et al (2003) Local detection of electromagnetic energy transport below the diffraction limit in metal nanoparticle plasmon waveguides. Nat Mater 2(4):229–232
Tao A, Sinsermsuksakul P, Yang P (2007) Tunable plasmonic lattices of silver nanocrystals. Nat Nanotechnol 2(7):435–440
Tao AR, Ceperley DP, Sinsermsuksakul P, Neureuther AR et al (2008) Self-organized silver nanoparticles for three-dimensional plasmonic crystals. Nano Lett 8(11):4033–4038
Tao AR, Huang J, Yang P (2008) Langmuir-blodgettry of nanocrystals and nanowires. Acc Chem Res 41(12):1662–1673
Wang HH, Liu CY, Wu SB, Liu NW et al (2006) Highly raman-enhancing substrates based on silver nanoparticle arrays with tunable sub-10 nm gaps. Adv Mater 18(4):491–495
Genov DA, Sarychev AK, Shalaev VM, Wei A (2004) Resonant field enhancements from metal nanoparticle arrays. Nano Lett 4(1):153–158
Wang H, Levin CS, Halas NJ (2005) Nanosphere arrays with controlled sub-10-nm gaps as surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy substrates. J Am Chem Soc 127(43):14992–14993
Wei A, Kim B, Sadtler B, Tripp SL (2001) Tunable surface-enhanced raman scattering from large gold nanoparticle arrays. Chemphyschem 2(12):743–745
Lee SJ, Morrill AR, Moskovits M (2006) Hot spots in silver nanowire bundles for surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 128(7):2200–2201
Wang H, Kundu J, Halas NJ (2007) Plasmonic nanoshell arrays combine surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies on a single substrate. Angew Chem Int Ed 46(47):9040–9044
Le F, Brandl DW, Urzhumov YA, Wang H et al (2008) Metallic nanoparticle arrays: a common substrate for both surface-enhanced raman scattering and surface-enhanced infrared absorption. ACS Nano 2(4):707–718
Pillai S, Green MA (2010) Plasmonics for photovoltaic applications. Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells 94(9):1481–1486
Ferry VE, Sweatlock LA, Pacifici D, Atwater HA (2008) Plasmonic nanostructure design for efficient light coupling into solar cells. Nano Lett 8(12):4391–4397
Saeta PN, Ferry VE, Pacifici D, Munday JN et al (2009) How much can guided modes enhance absorption in thin solar cells? Opt Express 17(23):20975–20990
Pala RA, White J, Barnard E, Liu J et al (2009) Design of plasmonic thin-film solar cells with broadband absorption enhancements. Adv Mater 21(34):3504–3509
Ferry VE, Munday JN, Atwater HA (2010) Design considerations for plasmonic photovoltaics. Adv Mater 22(43):4794–4808
Yablonovitch E, Cody GD (1982) Intensity enhancement in textured optical sheets for solar-cells. IEEE Trans Elect Dev 29(2):300–305
Green MA (1984) Limits on the open-circuit voltage and efficiency of silicon solar-cells imposed by intrinsic auger processes. IEEE Trans Elect Dev 31(5):671–678
Campbell P, Green MA (1987) Light trapping properties of pyramidally textured surfaces. J Appl Phys 62(1):243–249
Catchpole KR, Polman A (2008) Plasmonic solar cells. Opt Expr 16(26):21793–21800
Novotny L (2007) Effective wavelength scaling for optical antennas. Phys Rev Lett 98(26):266802
Fischer UC, Pohl DW (1989) Observation of single-particle plasmons by near-field optical microscopy. Phys Rev Lett 62(4):458–461
Novotny L, Stranick SJ (2006) Near-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy with pointed probes. Ann Rev Phys Chem 57:303–331
Novotny L, van Hulst N (2011) Antennas for light. Nat Photon 5(2):83–90
Alu A, Engheta N (2008) Tuning the scattering response of optical nanoantennas with nanocircuit loads. Nat Photon 2(5):307–310
Muhlschlegel P, Eisler HJ, Martin OJF, Hecht B et al (2005) Resonant optical antennas. Science 308(5728):1607–1609
Stipe BC, Strand TC, Poon CC, Balamane H et al (2010) Magnetic recording at 1.5 pb m(-2) using an integrated plasmonic antenna. Nat Photon 4(7):484–488
Challener WA, Peng CB, Itagi AV, Karns D et al (2009) Heat-assisted magnetic recording by a near-field transducer with efficient optical energy transfer. Nat Photon 3(4):220–224
Otto A (2006) On the significance of shalaev's "hot spots' in ensemble and single-molecule SERS by adsorbates on metallic films at the percolation threshold. J Raman Spectros 37(9):937–947
Li KR, Stockman MI, Bergman DJ (2003) Self-similar chain of metal nanospheres as an efficient nanolens. Phys Rev Lett 91(22):227402
Stockman MI, Faleev SV, Bergman DJ (2001) Localization versus delocalization of surface plasmons in nanosystems: can one state have both characteristics? Phys Rev Lett 87(16):167401
Gresillon S, Aigouy L, Boccara AC, Rivoal JC et al (1999) Experimental observation of localized optical excitations in random metal-dielectric films. Phys Rev Lett 82(22):4520–4523
Tsai DP, Kovacs J, Wang ZH, Moskovits M et al (1994) Photon scanning-tunneling-microscopy images of optical-excitations of fractal metal colloid clusters. Phys Rev Lett 72(26):4149–4152
Albrecht MG, Creighton JA (1977) Anomalously intense raman-spectra of pyridine at a silver electrode. J Am Chem Soc 99(15):5215–5217
Jeanmaire DL, Vanduyne RP (1977) Surface raman spectroelectrochemistry. 1. Heterocyclic, aromatic, and aliphatic-amines adsorbed on anodized silver electrode. J Electroanal Chem 84(1):1–20
Haes AJ, Haynes CL, McFarland AD, Schatz GC et al (2005) Plasmonic materials for surface-enhanced sensing and spectroscopy. Mrs Bull 30(5):368–375
Lakowicz JR, Geddes CD, Gryczynski I, Malicka J et al (2004) Advances in surface-enhanced fluorescence. J Fluoresc 14(4):425–441
Chen Y, Munechika K, Ginger DS (2007) Dependence of fluorescence intensity on the spectral overlap between fluorophores and plasmon resonant single silver nanoparticles. Nano Lett 7(3):690–696
Munechika K, Chen Y, Tillack AF, Kulkarni AP et al (2010) Spectral control of plasmonic emission enhancement from quantum dots near single silver nanoprisms. Nano Lett 10(7):2598–2603
Wu XY, Liu HJ, Liu JQ, Haley KN et al (2003) Immunofluorescent labeling of cancer marker her2 and other cellular targets with semiconductor quantum dots. Nat Biotechnol 21(1):41–46
Alivisatos P (2004) The use of nanocrystals in biological detection. Nat Biotechnol 22(1):47–52
Melancon MP, Lu W, Yang Z, Zhang R et al (2008) In vitro and in vivo targeting of hollow gold nanoshells directed at epidermal growth factor receptor for photothermal ablation therapy. Mol Cancer Ther 7(6):1730–1739
Lu W, Xiong CY, Zhang GD, Huang Q et al (2009) Targeted photothermal ablation of murine melanomas with melanocyte-stimulating hormone analog-conjugated hollow gold nanospheres. Clin Cancer Res 15(3):876–886
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jing, H., Zhang, L., Wang, H. (2013). Geometrically Tunable Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles. In: Kumar, C. (eds) UV-VIS and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy for Nanomaterials Characterization. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27594-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27594-4_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27593-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27594-4
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)