Abstract
Peri-prosthetic osteolysis, secondary to wear, is a limitation of conventional UHMWPE. Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) materials were introduced to overcome these limitations; however, there are still concerns with regard to material property degradation and oxidation. ECiMa is a cold-irradiated, mechanically annealed, vitamin-E-blended HXLPE developed to maintain mechanical properties, minimise wear and improve long-term oxidation resistance. This chapter reports on the in vitro testing that has been completed for ECiMa. The material has demonstrated a reduced wear rate during in vitro hip simulation when compared to conventional UHMWPE, and improved mechanical properties and long-term oxidation resistance in comparison to HXLPE. This makes ECiMa a promising next-generation bearing material.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Baker DA, Hastings RS, Pruitt L (2000) Compression and tension fatigue resistance of medical grade ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: the effect of morphology, sterilisation, aging and temperature. Polymer 41(2):795–808
Baker DA, Bellare A, Pruitt L (2003) The effects of degree of crosslinking on the fatigue crack initiation and propagation resistance of orthopaedic grade polyethylene. J Biomed Mater Res A 66A:146–154
Calvert GT, Devance PA, Fielden J, Adams K, Horne JG et al (2009) A double-blind, prospective, randomized controlled trial comparing highly cross-linked and conventional polyethylene in primary total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 24(4):505–510
Costa L, Bracco P, Carpentieri I et al (2009) On post-irradiation oxidation of vitamin E-stabilized UHMWPE. In: Transactions of the 55th annual meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Las Vegas, 2009
Crowninshield RD, Muratoglu O (2008) How have new sterilisation techniques and new forms of polyethylene influenced wear in total joint replacement?. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 16(Suppl 1):S80–S85
Currier BH, Currier JK, Mayor MB et al (2007) Evaluation of oxidation and fatigue damage of retrieved cross-fire polyethylene acetabular cups. J Bone Joint Surg Br 89(9):2023–2029
Digas G, Karrholm J, Thanner J et al (2004) Highly cross-linked polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty: randomised evaluation of penetration rate in cemented and uncemented sockets using radiostereometric analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 429:6–16
Duffy P, Wannomae KK, Rowell SL et al (2009) Fracture of a cross-linked polyethylene liner due to impingement. J Arthroplasty 24(1):158e15–158e19
Dumbleton JH, D’Antonio JA, Manley MT et al (2006) The basis for a second-generation highly cross-linked UHMWPE. Clin Orthop Relat Res 453:265–271
Halley D, Glassman A, Crowninshield R (2004) Recurrent dislocation after revision total hip replacement with a large prosthetic femoral head - a case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86:827–830
Jacobs CA, Christensen CP, Greenwald AS et al (2007) Clinical performance of highly cross-linked polyethylenes in total hip arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89(12):2779–2786
Jahan MS, King MC, Haggard WO et al (2001) A study of long-lived free radicals in gamma-irradiated medical grade polyethylene. Radiat Phys Chem 62:141–144
Keyser R, Tsuji K, Williams F (1968) Trapped electrons in gamma-irradiated polyethylene identified by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Macromolecules 1:289–290
Jarrett BT, Cofske J, Rosenberg AE et al (2010) In vivo biological response to vitamin E and vitamin E doped polyethylene. J Bone Joint Surg Br 92(16):2672–2681
King R, Narayan VS, Ernsberger C (2010) Characterisation of gamma-irradiated UHMWPE stabilised with a hindered phenol antioxidant. In: Transactions of the 55th annual meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Las Vegas, 2010
Kurtz SM (2009) UHMWPE biomaterials handbook: ultra high molecular weight polyethylene in total joint replacement and medical devices. Elsevier/Academic Press, Burlington
Kurtz SM, Hozack W, Purtill JJ et al (2006) Significance of in vivo degradation for polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 453:47–57
Lawton E, Balwit J, Powell R (1960) Paramagnetic-resonance studies of irradiated high-density polyethylene. II. Effect of irradiation dose on the radical species trapped at room temperature. J Chem Phys 33(2):405–412
McKellop H, Shen FW, Lu B et al (1999) Development of an extremely wear-resistance ultra high molecular weight polyethylene for total hip replacements. J Orthop Res 17(2):157–167
Micheli BR, Wannomae K, Ghali B et al (2010) Viability of an Irganox 1010 UHMWPE blend for use in total joint arthroplasty. In: Transactions of the 55th annual meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Las Vegas, 2010
Moore KD, Beck PR, Petersen DW et al (2008) Early failure of a cross-linked polyethylene acetabular liner – a case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90(11):2449–2504
Muratoglu O, Bragdon CR, O’Connor D et al (1999) Unified wear model for highly crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMWPE). Biomaterials 20(16):1463–1470
Muratoglu O, Bragdon CR, O’Connor D et al (2001) A novel method of cross-linking ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene to improve wear, reduce oxidation, and retain mechanical properties. J Arthroplasty 16(2):149–160
Oral E, Wannomae KK, Hawkins N et al (2004) Alpha-tocopherol-doped irradiated UHMWPE for high fatigue resistance and low wear. Biomaterials 25(24):5515–5522
Oral E, Greenbaum ES, Malhi AS et al (2005) Characterisation of irradiated blends of a-tocopherol and UHMWPE. Biomaterials 26(33):6657–6663
Oral E, Christensen SD, Malhi AS et al (2006) Wear resistance and mechanical properties of highly cross-linked, ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene doped with vitamin E. J Arthroplasty 21(4):580–591
Oral E, Rowell SL, Muratoglu O (2006) The effect of a-tocopherol on the oxidation and free radical decay in irradiated UHMWPE. Biomaterials 27(32):5580–5587
Oral E, Wannomae KK, Rowell SL et al (2008) Diffusion of vitamin E in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Biomaterials 28(35):5225–5237
Oral E, Godleski Beckos C, Malhi AS et al (2008) The effects of high dose irradiation on the cross-linking of vitamin E-blended ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. Biomaterials 29(26):3557–3560
Oral E, Bassem WG, Rowell S et al (2010) A surface crosslinked UHMWPE stabilized by vitamin E with low wear and high fatigue strength. Biomaterials 31:7051–7060
Parth M, Aust N, Lederer K (2008) Studies on the effect of electron beam radiation on the molecular structure of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene under the influence of a-tocopherol with respect to its application in medical implants. J Mater Sci Mater Med 13(10):917–921
Paul JP (1966) Forces transmitted by joints in the human body. Proc Inst Mech Eng 181(37):8–15
Senyurt AF, Warner D, Narayan VS (2010) Mechanical properties of antioxidant stabilised UHMWPE at 80 and 115 kGy. In: Transactions of the 55th annual meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Las Vegas, 2010
Tower SS, Currier JH, Currier BH et al (2007) Rim cracking of the cross-linked Longevity polyethylene acetabular liner after total hip arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89:2212–2217
Wannomae KK, Bhattacharyya S, Freiberg A et al (2006) In vivo oxidation of retrieved cross-linked ultra–high-molecular-weight polyethylene acetabular components with residual free radicals. J Arthroplasty 21(7):1005–1011
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 EFORT
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Traynor, A., Simpson, D., Collins, S. (2012). ECiMa™ for Low Wear, Optimal Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Resistance of Hip Bearings. In: Knahr, K. (eds) Total Hip Arthroplasty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27361-2_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27361-2_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-27360-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27361-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)