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Autismus, Asperger-Syndrom und schizotypische Persönlichkeitsstörung

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Theory of Mind

Zusammenfassung

Die erste Beschreibung der heute als frühkindlicher Autismus (ICD-10 F84.0, WHO 1991; DSM IV 299.0, APA 1996) klassifizierten »tief greifenden Entwicklungsstörung« (Kanner-Autismus) geht auf eine 1943 gedruckte Publikation (»Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact«) des 1924 in die USA ausgewanderten, 1919 in Berlin promovierten, in Kletokow (Galizien) gebürtigen Psychiaters Leo Kanner zurück. Ohne expliziten Bezug auf E. Bleuler (s. unten) spricht Kanner von einer »extremen autistischen Einsamkeit« (extreme autistic aloneness), die das Bild der von ihm als childhood psychosis bezeichneten Entwicklungsstörung präge. Damit sollte ausgedrückt werden, dass es bei der klinisch auffälligen »Andersartigkeit« der beschriebenen Kinder nicht um Unsicherheit, Schüchternheit oder Zurückgezogenheit, sondern um selbstbezogene Isolation, psychisches Alleinsein handelt (Frith 1992). Kanner folgerte aus seinen Beobachtungen, dass

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachkrankenhaus für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Bezirkskrankenhaus Taufkirchen (Vils), Bräuhausstraße 5, 84416, Taufkirchen/Vils, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. med. Matthias Dose

  2. Krankenhaus Merheim, Klinikum der Universität Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, 51109, Köln, Deutschland

    Katja Weber

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  1. Prof. Dr. med. Matthias Dose
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  2. Katja Weber
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Correspondence to Matthias Dose .

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für, TU München Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Bayern, Germany

    Hans Förstl

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Dose, M., Weber, K. (2012). Autismus, Asperger-Syndrom und schizotypische Persönlichkeitsstörung. In: Förstl, H. (eds) Theory of Mind. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24916-7_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24916-7_28

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