High-Field MRI-Compatible Needle Placement Robots for Prostate Interventions: Pneumatic and Piezoelectric Approaches

  • Hao Su
  • Gregory A. Cole
  • Gregory S. Fischer
Chapter
Part of the Intelligent Systems Reference Library book series (ISRL, volume 26)

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be a very effective imaging modality for live guidance during surgical procedures. The rationale of MRI-guided surgery with robot-assistance is to perform surgical interventions utilizing “real-time” image feedback while minimize operation time and improves the surgical outcomes. However, challenges arise from electromagnetic compatibility within the high-field (1.5T or greater) MRI environment and mechanical constraints due to the confined close-bore space. This chapter reviews two distinct MRI-compatible approaches for image-guided transperineal prostate needle placement. It articulates the robotic mechanism, actuator and sensor design, controller design and system integration for a pneumatically actuated robotic needle guide and a piezoelectrically actuated needle placement system. The two degree-of-freedom (DOF) pneumatic robot with manual needle insertion has a signal to noise ratio (SNR) loss limited to 5% with alignment accuracy under servo pneumatic control better than 0.94mm per axis. While the 6-DOF piezoelectrically actuated robot is the first demonstration of a novel multi piezoelectric actuator drive with less than 2% SNR loss for high-field MRI operating at full speed during imaging. Preliminary experiments in phantom studies evaluates system MRI compatibility, workflow, visualization and targeting accuracy.

Keywords

Needle Placement Pneumatic Cylinder Prostate Brachytherapy Needle Driver Scanner Room 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© IFIP 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hao Su
    • 1
  • Gregory A. Cole
    • 1
  • Gregory S. Fischer
    • 1
  1. 1.Automation and Interventional Medicine (AIM) Laboratory, Department of Mechanical EngineeringWorcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterUSA

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