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Regulatory RNAs pp 49–71Cite as

Fragments of Small Nucleolar RNAs as a New Source for Noncoding RNAs

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Abstract

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are small, nonprotein-coding RNAs that accumulate in the nucleolus. So far, these RNAs have been implicated in modification of rRNAs, tRNAs, and snRNAs. snoRNAs can be grouped into two classes: C/D box and H/ACA box snoRNAs that direct 2′-O-methylation and pseudouridylation, respectively. However, for numerous snoRNAs, no target RNAs have been identified. High-throughput sequencing and detailed analysis of RNase protection experiments have demonstrated that some snoRNAs are processed into smaller RNAs. These processed snoRNAs are 20–100 nt in length, are mostly nuclear and do not form canonical snoRNPs, that is, they do not associate with methylase or pseudouridylation activity. They can act by binding to pre-mRNAs in the nucleus where they regulate alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Thus, processed snoRNAs (psnoRNAs) represent a novel class of regulatory RNAs.

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Abbreviations

snRNA:

Small nuclear RNA

snoRNA:

Small nucleolar RNA

psnoRNAs:

Processed snoRNAs

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the NIH RO1 GM083187 and the Binational US-Israel Science Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    Marina Falaleeva & Stefan Stamm

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  1. Marina Falaleeva
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  2. Stefan Stamm
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Correspondence to Stefan Stamm .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, New Scotland Avenue 120, New York, 12208, New York, USA

    Bibekanand Mallick

  2. A.J.C. Bose Centenary Building, P-1/12, CIT Scheme - VII M, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India

    Zhumur Ghosh

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Falaleeva, M., Stamm, S. (2012). Fragments of Small Nucleolar RNAs as a New Source for Noncoding RNAs. In: Mallick, B., Ghosh, Z. (eds) Regulatory RNAs. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22517-8_3

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