Abstract
In this chapter, the biomechanical behavior of C3–C5 porcine cervical vertebrae is analyzed. The objective of this evaluation is to establish the advantages and limitations of three numerical procedures when a compressive load is applied. In a first stage, a damaged C4 vertebral body is instrumented with a bone graft and a titanium alloy (Ti-6A1-4V) cervical plate fixed with titanium alloy screws. In the second stage, the biomechanical integrity of a healthy C3–C5 unit is studied. The required numerical models were created with three different techniques; these are 2D Computer Tomography (CT), 3D ZScan and CT scanning with a Siemens Emotion system. This was done in conjunction with Pro-E Wildfire 4.0, Scan IP 3.1, UGS NX-4 and Geomagics R 10 codes. Lateral displacements among the upper and lower surfaces of the vertebral bodies and the bone graft, as well as the von Misses stresses, were calculated. Numerical differences from the biomechanical models are discussed. In order to establish a performance criterion, the results obtained were compared against those obtained for the case of the instrumented C3–C5 unit. In order to establish helpful criteria to optimize the therapeutic procedures before a surgery is performed, the analysis of the results was focused to demonstrate that DICOM methodology can be applied when a biomechanical simulation for a patient is required. It is possible, to apply this technique safely as it is not invasive and geometrical parameters are obtained directly from a tomography taken at a hospital. On the other hand, classical CAD models and Z scan methodology has shown to be useful when specimens are numerically analyzed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
D’Amico, D.S., Cisilino, A.P., Sammartino, M.R., Capiel, C.: Modelado computacional de estructuras óseas utilizando el Método de los Elementos Finitos y tomografías computarizadas, Análisis de la estabilidad de un implante Gleno-Humeral. Mecánica Computacional V. XXIV. A. Larreteguy (Editor). Argentina (2005)
Beltrán-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G., González-Revattú, A., Dufoo-Olvera, M.: Mechanical behavior of a calcium phosphate ceramic bone graft used in the rehabilitation of a C4 human vertebra. Appl. Mech. Mater. 7–8, 101–106 (2007)
Ortosintese: Catalog of products 2006, Rua Friedrich Von Voith, 896-Jaragua, Brasil (2006)
Beltrán Fernández, J.A., Hernández Gómez, L.H., Urriolagoitia Calderón, G., Dufoo Olvera, M., González Rebatú, A.: Distribución de esfuerzos por la acción de cargas de compresión en la vértebra cervical C5, empleando el Método del Elemento Finito, Científica, 9(3),135–142 (2005), Julio-Septiembre del 2005, ISSN 1665–0654
Ruíz-Muñoz, E.R., Beltrán-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G.: Técnicas de modelado en 3D aplicado a casos de vértebras porcinas por medio de un escaner 3D y tomografías. Conferencia XXV Congreso Nacional de Investigación Biomédica, UANL-Facultad de Medicina. Monterrey, México (2009)
Ruiz Muñoz, E.R.: Análisis de la estabilización segmentaria en especímenes de columna lumbar porcina (L2–L5) con cerclaje interespinoso empleando cinturones de poliamida 6/6. Tesis de maestría, SEPI—ESIME Zacatenco, México (2010)
Beltrán-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G., González-Rebatu, A., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G.: Evaluation of a C3–C5 human cervical model created by computer tomography CT and 3D scan under compression loading, 3rd international conference on advanced computational engineering and experimenting, ACE-X 2009, book ok abstracts, pp. 108–109 (2009)
Beltran-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G., González-Rebatú, A., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G.: Biomechanics and numerical evaluation of cervical porcine models considering compressive loads using 2D classic computer tomography CT, 3D scanner and 3D computed tomography, advances in experimental mechanics VII. In: Selected peer reviewed papers from 7th BSSM International Conference on Advances in Experimental Mechanics, Transtech Publications, Liverpool, vol. 24–25, pp. 287–295 (2010)
Ruíz-Muñoz, E.R., Beltrán-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., González- Rebatú, A.: Análisis de la estabilización segmentaria en especímenes de columna lumbar porcina L3–L5, con cerclaje interespinoso empleando collarines de poliamida 6/6”. IX Congreso Iberoamericano De Ingenieria Mecanica, Cibim 09. FEIBIM—Federación Iberoamericana de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales de la Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España. 17–20 Noviembre (2009)
Beltrán-Fernández, J.A.: Análisis numérico de las cervicales C3–C7 asociado al problema del latigazo cervical, Tesis de doctorado, SEPI—ESIME Zacatenco, México (2007)
Beltrán-Fernández, J.A., Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Merchan-Cruz, E.A., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G., González-Rebatú, A., Dufoo-Olvera, M., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G.: Modelling of a cervical plate and human cervical section C3 C5 under compression loading conditions using the finite element method. Appl. Mech. Mater. 13–14, 49–56 (2008)
Müller, W.: Manual of Internal Fixation, 3rd ed. Científico-Médica, Barcelona (1992)
Hernández-Gómez, L.H., Beltran-Fernández, J.A., Urriolagoitia-Calderón, G., González-Rebatú, A., Galan-Vera, M.M., Urriolagoitia-Sosa, G.: Biomechanical characterization of analysis of adjacent vertebra behavior using porcine specimens. Key Eng. Mater. 478, 103--111 (2011)
Zcorp: Self-Positioning Handheld 3D Scanner, Method Sheet: Scanning Multi-colored or Multi-shaded Part, Document: MS020016 (2007)
Jeremy, C., et al.: Relationship between CT intensity, micro-architecture and mechanical properties of porcine vertebral cancellous bone. Clin. Biomech. 21, 235–244 (2006)
Moore, Ch., et al.: The evaluation of a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic for use in grafting long-bone diaphyseal defects. J. Orthop. Res. 5, 356–365 (1987)
Acknowledgments
The authors kindly acknowledge the grants awarded by the National Council for Science and Technology, CONACYT, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Distrito Federal (ICyTDF), the National Polytechnic Institute (SIP20091599, SIP20100496 and SIP20113474) and the support given to this project by the Hospital 1º de Octubre—ISSSTE.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beltrán-Fernández, J.A. et al. (2012). Assessment of the Structural Integrity of C3–C5 Cervical Porcine Vertebrae Model Based on 2D Classic CAD, 3D Scanner and 3D Computed Tomography. In: Öchsner, A., da Silva, L., Altenbach, H. (eds) Analysis and Design of Biological Materials and Structures. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 14. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22131-6_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22131-6_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-22130-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-22131-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)