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Acidic Shell Proteins of the Mediterranean Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis

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Molecular Biomineralization

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((MMB,volume 52))

Abstract

In molluscs, the shell secretion process is controlled by a set of extracellular macromolecules collectively called the shell matrix. The shell matrix, which is produced by the mantle epithelial cells during mineralization, is predominantly composed of proteins, glycoproteins, acidic polysaccharides, and chitin that precisely regulate the deposition of calcium carbonate outside the mantle cells. In the present paper, we focus on the shell of Pinna nobilis, the giant Mediterranean fan mussel, usually considered as a model for studying molluscan biomineralization processes. P. nobilis exhibits indeed a nacro-prismatic shell, the outer layer of which is constituted of the so-called “regular simple calcitic prisms,” according to Carter and Clark (1985). We review here the microstructural characteristics of the prisms and nacre and the biochemical properties of their associated matrices. In particular, the calcitic prisms of P. nobilis are characterized by a cortege of unusually acidic intraprismatic proteins, while the ones of the nacreous layer seem less acidic. A brief description of the molecular characterization of three acidic proteins, caspartin, calprismin and mucoperlin, is given. In particular, we show that extremely acidic intracrystalline proteins such as caspartin interact with calcium carbonate at different scales, from micrometric to crystal lattice levels.

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Acknowledgments

This chapter is a contribution to the ANR project ACCRO-Earth, ref. BLAN06-2_159971, coordinator Gilles Ramstein, LSCE, Gif/Yvette, for the period 2007–2010. A complementary support was provided by the INTERRVIE program from INSU for the year 2010. Frédéric Marin thanks Professor Jean-Pierre Gauthier for providing the SEM picture of newly formed nacre tablets (Fig. 13.3f) and for scrupulous rereading. Alain Godon (UMR CNRS 5561) is also acknowleged for redesigning Fig. 13.7 from the paper of Checa et al. (2005).

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  1. UMR CNRS 5561 “Biogéosciences”, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France

    Frédéric Marin, Prabakaran Narayanappa & Sébastien Motreuil

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Correspondence to Frédéric Marin .

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  1. Inst. Physiologische Chemie, Abt. Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz, 55099, Germany

    Werner E. G. Müller

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Marin, F., Narayanappa, P., Motreuil, S. (2011). Acidic Shell Proteins of the Mediterranean Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis . In: Müller, W. (eds) Molecular Biomineralization. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology(), vol 52. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21230-7_13

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