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Fragmentation of melt in coolant

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Multiphase Flow Dynamics 2

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Introduction

Let us start with some definitions necessary to understand the content of this Chapter:

a) The term melt is used here for liquid having solidification temperature higher than the film boiling temperature of the surrounding coolant.

b) Coolant is the liquid surrounding the melt.

c) Mechanical fragmentation is fragmentation not influenced by local heat and mass transfer processes.

d) Thermo-mechanical fragmentation is mechanical fragmentation additionally amplified by local heat and mass transfer.

e) Events distorting the film boiling process are interface instabilities caused by

  • inherent vapor-coolant instability and

  • externally introduced pressure pulses.

f) Inherent vapor-coolant instability is an interface instability caused by

  • mechanical fragmentation of the initially unstable particle leading to intimate melt-coolant contact during the fragmentation,

  • transition from film boiling to transition boiling, and

  • cavitation of vapor bubbles in subcooled liquid in the immediate neighborhood of the particle in film boiling.

g) Contact heat transfer is a local contact between melt and liquid coolant.

Once established, stationary film boiling at the surface of a liquid sphere is a very stable process. Events distorting the film boiling process may lead to intimate melt-coolant contact resulting in effective energy transfer between the hot droplet and the surrounding coolant. The mechanical feedback to the droplet leads to additional surface fragmentation which is called thermo-mechanical fragmentation. The result is generation of local pressure pulses. If the same happens not only with a single drop but with a family of melt drops, the resulting pressure pulse may contain considerably more energy than the single drop event.

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Kolev, N.I. (2011). Fragmentation of melt in coolant. In: Multiphase Flow Dynamics 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20598-9_11

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