Skip to main content
Book cover

Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources pp 43–57Cite as

Capsicum

Abstract

Capsicum annuum (chili) is an important vegetable and spice crop grown throughout the world. Capsicum is a member of the Solanaceae family and native to the tropics and subtropics of America. To date, 31 species have been identified, containing two groups distinguished by chromosome numbers, 2n = 24 and 2n = 26 (2n = 26 is more advanced). Only one species, C. annuum var. glabriusculum, is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48). Three key networks for Capsicum germplasm collections, Germplasm Resources Information Network (USDA), The World Vegetable Center (Taiwan), and Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (Costa Rica), provide accessible computerized germplasm databases. A consensus map of Capsicum has been developed containing 12 linkage groups that correspond to the basic chromosome number of Capsicum. Of the Capsicum species, C. annuum is the world’s most economically important species, hence most breeding programs are aimed to improve C. annuum especially for pest and disease resistance. Wild species and wild forms of domesticated species are important genetic resources for resistance to several major chili diseases; however, the success of the introgression of the desirable traits from these wild-related species into C. annuum is limited by crossability barriers.

Keywords

  • Amplify Fragment Length Polymorphism
  • Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
  • Wild Accession
  • Amplify Fragment Length Polymorphism
  • Colletotrichum Species

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20450-0_4
  • Chapter length: 15 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-642-20450-0
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 4.1
Fig. 4.2
Fig. 4.3

References

  • Andrews J (1984) Peppers: the domesticated capsicums. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Ares JLA, Martínez AR, Paz JF (2005) Resistance of pepper germplasm to Phytophthora capsici isolates collected in northwest Spain. Spn J Agric Res 3:429–436

    Google Scholar 

  • AVRDC (1998) AVRDC Report 1997. AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center, Shanhua, Taiwan, pp 54–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Barboza GE, Bianchetti LDB (2005) Three new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) and a key to the wild species from Brazil. Syst Bot 30:863–871

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Black LL, Hobbs HA, Gatti JM (1991) Tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in Capsicum chinense PI152225 and PI159236. Plant Dis 75:863

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Boiteux LS (1995) Allelic relationships between genes for resistance to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in Capsicum chinense. Theor Appl Genet 90:146–149

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Boiteux LS, Nagata T, Dutra WP, Fonseca MEN (1993) Sources of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in cultivated and wild species of Capsicum. Euphytica 67:89–94

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Bosland PW (2000) Sources of curly top virus resistance in Capsicum. HortScience 35:1321–1322

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosland PW (2008) Think global, breed local: specificity and complexity of Phytophthora capsici. In: 19th International Pepper Conference, Atlantic City, NJ, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Boukema IW (1980) Allelism of genes controlling resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in Capsicum chinense. Euphytica 29:433–440

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Cebolla-Cornejo J, Soler S, Gomar B, Soria MD, Nuez F (2003) Screening Capsicum germplasm for resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Ann Appl Biol 143:143–152

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Cecchini NM, Moscone EA (2002) Análisis cariotípico en dos variedades de Capsicum baccatum (Solanaceae) mediante bandeos cromosómicos AgNOR y de fluorescencia. Actas XXXI Congreso Argentino de Genética. J Basic Appl Genet, La Plata, Argentina, p 86

    Google Scholar 

  • Cecchini NM, Scaldaferro MA, Barboza GE, Moscone EA (2003) Estudio de cromosomas mitóticos en dos ajíes silvestres de flores púrpuras (Capsicum – Solanaceae) mediante bandeo de fluorescencia. Actas IV Jornadas Argentino-Chilenas de Genética. J Basic Appl Gen, Huerta Grande, Argentina, p 91

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook AA, Guevara YG (1984) Hypersensitivity in Capsicum chacoense to race 1 of the bacterial spot pathogen of pepper. Plant Dis 68:329–330

    Google Scholar 

  • DeWitt D, Bosland PW (1996) Peppers of the world: an identification guide. Ten Speed, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Djian-Caporalino C, Pijarowski L, Januel A, Lefebvre V, Daubèze A, Palloix A, Dalmasso A, Abad P (1999) Spectrum of resistance to root-knot nematodes and inheritance of heat-stable resistance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Theor Appl Genet 99:496–502

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Djian-Caporalino C, Lefebvre V, Sage-Daubèze A-M, Palloix A (2007) Capsicum. In: Singh RJ (ed) Genetic resources, chromosome engineering and crop improvement: vegetable crops, vol 3. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 185–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Dogimont C, Palloix A, Daubze A-M, Marchoux G, Selassie KG, Pochard E (1996) Genetic analysis of broad spectrum to potyviruses using doubled haploid lines of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Euphytica 88:231–239

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Eshbaugh WH, Smith PG, Nickrent DL (1983) Capsicum tovarii (Solanaceae), a new species of pepper from Peru. Brittonia 35:55–60

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • FAOSTAT (2008a) Agricultural production. http://www.faostat.fao.org/

  • FAOSTAT (2008b) Agricultural trade. http://www.faostat.fao.org/

  • Gil Ortega R, Palazón Español C, Cuartero Zueco J (1991) Genetics of resistance to Phytophthora capsici in the Mexican pepper SCM-334. Plant Breed 107:50–55

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Gil Ortega R, Palazón Español C, Cuartero Zueco J (1992) Genetic relationships among four pepper genotypes resistant to Phytophthora capsici. Plant Breed 108:118–125

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Green SK, Kim JS (1994) Sources of resistance to viruses of pepper (Capsicum spp.): a catalog. Tech Bull No 20. AVRDC, Tainan, Taiwan

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenleaf WH (1986) Pepper breeding. In: Bassett MJ (ed) Breeding vegetable crops. AVI, Westport, CO, USA, pp 67–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Grube RC, Blauth JR, Arnedo AMS, Caranta C, Jahn MK (2000) Identification and comparative mapping of a dominant potyvirus resistance gene cluster in Capsicum. Theor Appl Genet 101:852–859

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heiser CB, Pickersgill B (1969) Names for the cultivated Capsicum species (Solanaceae). Taxon 18:277–283

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández-Verdugo S, Guevara-González RG, Rivera-Bustamante RF, Oyama K (2001) Screening wild plants of Capsicum annuum for resistance to pepper huasteco virus (PHV): presence of viral DNA and differentiation among populations. Euphytica 122:31–36

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hunziker AT (2001) Genera Solanacearum: the genera of Solanaceae illustrated, arranged according to a new system. Gantner, Ruggell, Leichtenstein, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • IBPGR (1983) Genetic resources of Capsicum: a global plan of action. IBPGR, Rome, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • IBPGR (1990) Directory of germplasm collections. In: Bettencourt E, Konopka J (eds) 4. Vegetables. IBPGR, Rome, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahn M, Paran I, Hoffmann K, Radwanski ER, Livingstone KD, Grube RC, Aftergoot E, Lapidot M, Moyer J (2000) Genetic mapping of the Tsw locus for resistance to the tospovirus tomato spotted wilt virus in Capsicum spp. and its relationship to the same pathogen in tomato. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 13:673–682

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SH, Yoon JB, Do JW, Park HG (2007) Resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). J Crop Sci Biotechnol 10:277–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim SH, Yoon JB, Do JW, Park HG (2008a) A major recessive gene associated with anthracnose resistance to Colletotrichum capsici in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Breed Sci 58:137–141

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SH, Yoon JB, Park HG (2008b) Inheritance of anthracnose resistance in a new genetic resource, Capsicum baccatum PI594137. J Crop Sci Biotechnol 11:13–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimble KA, Grogan RG (1960) Resistance to Phytophthora root rot in pepper. Plant Dis Rep 44:872–873

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyle MM, Palloix A (1997) Proposed revision of nomenclature for potyvirus resistance genes in Capsicum. Euphytica 97:183–188

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Lafortune D, Béramis M, Daubèze A-M, Boissot N, Palloix A (2005) Partial resistance of pepper to bacterial wilt is oligogenic and stable under tropical conditions. Plant Dis 89:501–506

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lefebvre V, Polloix A (1996) Both epistatic and additive effects of QTLs are involved in polygenic induced resistance to disease: a case study, the interaction pepper – Phytophthora capsici Leonian. Theor Appl Genet 93:503–511

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lefebvre V, Palloix A, Caranta C, Pochard E (1995) Construction of an intraspecific integrated linkage map of pepper using molecular markers and double-haploid progenies. Genome 38:112–121

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lefebvre V, Pflieger S, Thabuis A, Caranta C, Blattes A, Chauvet JC, Daubeze AM, Palloix A (2002) Towards the saturation of the pepper linkage map by alignment of three intraspecific maps including known-function genes. Genome 45:839–854

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone KD, Lackney VK, Blauth JR, Rv W, Jahn MK (1999) Genome mapping in Capsicum and the evolution of genome structure in the Solanaceae. Genetics 152:1183–1202

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahasuk P, Khumpeng N, Wasee S, Taylor PWJ, Mongkolporn O (2009a) Inheritance of resistance to anthracnose at seedling, and green and red chili fruit stages. Plant Breed 128:701–706

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Mahasuk P, Taylor PWJ, Mongkolporn O (2009b) Identification of two new genes conferring resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum in Capsicum baccatum L. Phytopathology 99:1100–1104

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Minamiyama Y, Tsuro M, Kubo T, Hirai M (2007) QTL analysis for resistance to Phytophthora capsici in pepper using a high density SSR-based map. Breed Sci 57:129–134

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mongkolporn O, Montri P, Supakaew T, Taylor PWJ (2010) Differential reactions on mature green and ripe chili fruit infected by three Colletotrichum species. Plant Dis 94:306–310

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Montri P, Taylor PWJ, Mongkolporn O (2009) Pathotypes of Colletotrichum capsici, the causal agent of chili anthracnose, in Thailand. Plant Dis 93:17–20

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA (1989) Estudios citotaxonómicos en las tribus Solaneae y Nicotianeae (Solanaceae) de América del Sur. University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA (1990) Chromosome studies on Capsicum (Solanaceae) I. Karyotype analysis in C. chacoense. Brittonia 42:147–154

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA (1992) Estudios de cromosomas meióticos en Solanaceae de Argentina. Darwiniana 31:261–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA (1993) Estudios cromosómicos en Capsicum (Solanaceae) II.Análisis cariotípico de C. parvifolium y C. annuum var. annuum. Kurtziana 229:9–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA (1999) Análisis cariotípico en Capsicum baccatum var. umbilicatum (Solanaceae) mediante bandeos AgNOR y de fluorescencia. Kurtziana 27:225–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA, Lambrou M, Hunziker AT, Ehrendorfer F (1993) Giemsa C-banded karyotype in Capsicum (Solanaceae). Plant Syst Evol 186:213–229

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA, Loidl J, Ehrendorfer F, Hunziker AT (1995) Analysis of active nucleolus organizing regions in Capsicum (Solanaceae) by silver staining. Am J Bot 82:276–287

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA, Lambrou M, Ehrendorfer F (1996) Fluorescent chromosome banding in the cultivated species of Capsicum (Solanaceae). Plant Syst Evol 202:37–63

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA, Baranyi M, Ebert I, Greilhuber J, Ehrendorfer F, Hunziker AT (2003) Analysis of nuclear DNA content in Capsicum (Solanaceae) by flow cytometry and Feulgen densitometry. Ann Bot 92:21–29

    PubMed  CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Moscone EA, Scaldaferro MA, Grabiele M, Cecchini NM, Sánchez García Y, Jarret R, Daviña JR, Ducasse DA, Barboza GE, Ehrendorfer F (2007) The evolution of chili peppers (Capsicum – Solanaceae): a cytogenetic perspective. Acta Hortic 745:137–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moury B, Palloix A, Selassie KG, Marchoux G (1997) Hypersensitive resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus in three Capsicum chinense accessions is controlled by a single gene and is overcome by virulent strains. Euphytica 94:45–52

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Nee M, Bohs L, Knapp S (2006) New species of Solanum and Capsicum (Solanaceae) from Bolivia, with clarification of nomenclature in some Bolivian Solanum. Brittonia 58:322–356

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Oelke L, Bosland PW, Steiner R (2003) Differentiation of race specific resistance to phytophthora root rot and foliar blight in Capsicum annuum. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 128:213–218

    Google Scholar 

  • Pakdeevaraporn P, Wasee S, Taylor PWJ, Mongkolporn O (2005) Inheritance of resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici in Capsicum. Plant Breed 124:206–208

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Palloix A, Daubèze AM, Phaly T, Pochard E (1990) Breeding transgressive lines of pepper for resistance to Phytophthora capsici in a recurrent selection system. Euphytica 51:141–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Paran I, van der Voort JR, Lefebvre V, Jahn M, Landry L, van Schriek M, Tanyolac B, Caranta C, Ben Chaim A, Livingstone K, Palloix A, Peleman J (2004) An integrated genetic linkage map of pepper (Capsicum spp.). Mol Breed 13:251–261

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park HK, Kim BS, Lee WS (1990a) Inheritance of resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) I. Genetic analysis of anthracnose resistance by diallel crosses. J Kor Soc Hortic Sci 31:91–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Park HK, Kim BS, Lee WS (1990b) Inheritance of resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). II. Genetic analysis of resistance to Colletotrichum dematium. J Kor Soc Hortic Sci 31:207–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Pernezny K, Roberts PD, Murphy JF, Goldberg NP (2009) Compendium of pepper diseases. APS, St. Paul, MN, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickersgill B (1971) Relationships between weedy and cultivated forms in some species of chili peppers (genus Capsicum). Evolution 25:683–691

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Pickersgill B (1977) Chromosomes and evolution in Capsicum. In: Pochard E (ed) Capsicum 77, Comptes Rendus 2ème Congrès Eucarpia Piment. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Avignon-Montfavet, France, pp 27–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickersgill B (1991) Cytogenetics and evolution of Capsicum L. In: Tsuchiya T, Gupta PK (eds) Chromosome engineering in plants: genetics, breeding, evolution, Part B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp 139–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Pozzobon MT, Schifino-Wittmann MT, Bianchetti LB (2006) Chromosome numbers in wild and semidomesticated Brazillian Capsicum L. (Solanaceae) species: do x = 12 and x = 13 represent two evolutionary lines? Bot J Linn Soc 151:259–269

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Prince JP, Pochard E, Tanksley SD (1993) Construction of a molecular linkage map of pepper and a comparison of synteny with tomato. Genome 36:404–417

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rao GU, Ben Chaim A, Borovsky Y, Paran I (2003) Mapping of yield-related QTLs in pepper in an interspecific cross of Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens. Theor Appl Genet 106:1457–1466

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reifschneider FJB, Boiteux LS, Vecchia PTD, Poulos JM, Kuroda N (1992) Inheritance of adult-plant resistance to Phytophthora capsici in pepper. Euphytica 62:45–49

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Rosellol S, Diezl MJ, Jorda C, Nuezl F (1996) Screening of Capsicum chacoense accessions for TSWV resistance by mechanical inoculation. Capsicum Eggplant Newsl 16:68–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahin F, Miller SA (1998) Resistance in Capsicum pubescens to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria pepper race 6. Plant Dis 82:794–799

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Saini SS, Sharma PP (1978) Inheritance of resistance to fruit rot (Phytophthora capsici Leon.) and induction of resistance in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Euphytica 27:721–723

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Smith PG, Kimble KA, Grogan RG, Millett AH (1967) Inheritance of resistance in peppers to Phytophthora root rot. Phytopathology 57:377–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugita T, Yamaguchi K, Kinoshita T, Yuji K, Sugimura Y, Nagata R, Kawasaki S, Todoroki A (2006) QTL analysis for resistance to Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici Leon.) using an intraspecific doubled-haploid population of Capsicum annuum. Breed Sci 56:137–145

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki K, Kuroda T, Miura Y, Murai J (2003) Screening and field trials of virus resistant sources in Capsicum spp. Plant Dis 87:779–783

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley SD (1984) Linkage relationships and chromosomal locations of enzyme-coding genes in pepper, Capsicum annuum. Chromosoma 89:352–360

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley SD, Bernatzky R, Lapitan NL, Prince JP (1988) Conservation of gene repertoire but not gene order in pepper and tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6419–6423

    PubMed  CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thabuis A, Lefebvre V, Daubèze AM, Signoret P, Phaly T, Nemouchi G, Blattes A, Polloix A (2001) Introgression of partial resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leon. into a pepper elite line by marker assisted backcrosses. Acta Hortic 546:645–650

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Than PP, Jeewon R, Hyde KD, Pongsupasamit S, Mongkolporn O, Taylor PWJ (2008) Characterization and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose on chilli (Capsicum spp.) in Thailand. Plant Pathol 57:562–572

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Tong N, Bosland PW (1997) Meiotic chromosome study of Capsicum lanceolatum, another 13 chromosome species. Capsicum Eggplant Newsl 16:42–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Tong N, Bosland PW (1999) Capsicum tovarii, a new member of the Capsicum baccatum complex. Euphytica 109:71–77

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Yoon JB, Park HG (2005) Trispecies bridge crosses, (Capsicum annuum x C. chinense) x C. baccatum, as an alternative for introgression of anthracnose resistance from C. baccatum into C. annuum. J Kor Soc Hortic Sci 46:5–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoon JB, Yang DC, Do JW, Park HG (2006) Overcoming two post-fertilization genetic barriers in interspecific hybridization between Capsicum annuum and C. baccatum for introgression of anthracnose resistance. Breed Sci 56:31–38

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand

    Orarat Mongkolporn

  2. Center for Plant Health/BioMarka, Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, Melbourne School of Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Paul W. J. Taylor

Authors
  1. Orarat Mongkolporn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paul W. J. Taylor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Orarat Mongkolporn .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mongkolporn, O., Taylor, P.W.J. (2011). Capsicum. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20450-0_4

Download citation