Abstract
The constituents (atoms/ions/molecules) of gases and liquids are free to move about in the body of the medium. In contrast, the entities in a solid are fixed in positions determined by its crystal structure. What, then, holds a crystal together? In fluids, interatomic distances are of the order of 30 Å while in solids they are much shorter – of the order of 2–4 Å. When atoms, ions or molecules come so close to one another, they exert forces upon each other. These forces depend on the outer electronic structure of the atomic entities.
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© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Sirdeshmukh, D.B., Sirdeshmukh, L., Subhadra, K.G. (2011). Cohesion. In: Atomistic Properties of Solids. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 147. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19971-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19971-4_6
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