Abstract
International negotiations may sometimes be conducted under time pressure and/or in several languages. It is therefore important for all negotiating States to be sure of the final outcome of the negotiations. While Art 9 settles the procedure on how to adopt the final text, Art 10 deals with its authentication as a distinct element in the treaty-making process. Both adoption and authentication may occur at the same time, but not necessarily so. For example, signature or initialling of a text may be deemed both adoption and authentication in a bilateral context, whereas separate acts may be needed in a multilateral context. Moreover, a treaty may be adopted only in one language, but authenticated in several languages.
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Notes
- 1.
Final Draft, Commentary to Art 9, 195 para 2.
- 2.
UNGA Res 2106 (XX), 20 December 1965, UN Doc A/6014 para 1.
- 3.
(1935) 29 AJIL Supp 657 et seq.
- 4.
S Bastid Les traités dans la vie internationale – conclusion et effets (1985) 38.
- 5.
Waldock I 42 et seq.
- 6.
[1962-II] YbILC 161–180.
- 7.
The United States questioned whether the article is necessary [1966-II] YbILC 347; Sweden found that it gave more procedural advice than stating a rule of law [1966-II] YbILC 337; and Japan submitted that it should be omitted [1966-II] YbILC 302.
- 8.
Waldock IV 26.
- 9.
[1965-I] YbILC 256 para 103.
- 10.
[1966-I/2] YbILC 292, 326.
- 11.
Final Draft, Commentary to Art 9, 195 para 1.
- 12.
J-M Thouvenin in Corten/Klein Art 10 MN 8.
- 13.
Villiger Art 10 MN 8.
- 14.
Final Draft, Commentary to Art 9, 195 para 4.
- 15.
WM Reisman/MH Arsanjani What Is the Current Value of Signing a Treaty? in S Breitenmoser et al. (eds) Festschrift Wildhaber (2007) 1491, 1495–1496, noting that the adoption of conventions by the UN General Assembly has substituted signing as a means of authentication at UN level.
- 16.
Aust 90.
- 17.
For more details on the negotiating history of this treaty, see F Hoffmeister Die Beziehungen der Europäischen Union zu den Staaten des Westbalkans in S Kadelbach (ed) Die Außenbeziehungen der Europäischen Union (2006) 132–138.
- 18.
The treaty is annexed to the decision of the EU Council of 29 May 2006 on the conclusion by the EC of the Energy Community Treaty [2006] OJ L 198/15.
- 19.
Bastid (n 4) 60–61.
Selected Bibliography
S Bastid Les traités dans la vie internationale – conclusion et effets (1985).
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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Dörr, O., Schmalenbach, K. (2012). Article 10. Authentication of the text. In: Dörr, O., Schmalenbach, K. (eds) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19291-3_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19291-3_12
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