Zusammenfassung
Ein genereller Ansatz für das Pfad-Folgeproblem bei autonomen Fahrzeugen wird vorgestellt. Mit Hilfe eines kinematischen Modells und der allgemeinen Lernfähigkeit eines künstlichen neuronalen Netzes wird ein adaptiver Regler entwickelt. Dieser Regler benötigt kein dynamisches Modell des Fahrzeuges, da es erlernt wird. Die Funktion des theoretischen Konzepts wird in Experimenten auf dem Fahrsimulator verifiziert.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Referenzen
J. Ackermann, “Robust decoupling, ideal steering dynamics and yaw stabilization of 4WS car,” Automatica, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 1761–1768, 1994.
A. M. Bloch, M. Reyhanoglu, and N. H. McClamroch, “Control and stabilization of nonholonomic dynamic systems,” IEEE Trans. Auto. Contr., Vol. 37, pp. 1746–1757, 1992.
G. Cybenko, “Approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function,” Math. Contr. Signals Syst., Vol. 2 no. 3, pp. 303–314, 1989.
W. Dong and W.L. Xu, “Adaptive Tracking Control of Uncertain Nonholonomic Dynamic System,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 43, no. 3, 2001, pp 450–454.
W. Dong, K.-D. Kuhnert, ‘Robust Adaptive Neural Network Based Control of Autonomous Vehicles“, submitted to IEEE Jornal on Intelligent Transport Systems.
T. Fujioka et al., “Longitudinal vehicle following control for autonomous driving,” in Proc. AVEC’96 Int. Symp. Advanced Vehicle Control, Germany, June 24–28, 1996, pp. 1293–1304.
J. K. Hedrick et al., “Longitudinal vehicle controller design for IVHS systems,” in Proc. Amer. Control Conf., 1991, pp. 3107–3111.
Y. Hirano, H. Harada, E. Ono, and K. Takanami, “Development of an integrated system of 4WS and 4WD by H control,” in SAE Paper 930 267, 1993, pp. 79–86.
K Hornik, M. Stinchombe, and H. White, “Multilayer feedforward networks are universal appraximators,” Neural Networks, Vol.2, pp.359–366, 1989.
Y. Jia, “Robust Control with Decoupling Performance for Steering and Traction of 4WS Vehicles under Velocity-Varying Motion,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 8, NO. 3, pp.554–569, 2000.
N. Kehtarnavaz, N. Griswold, K. Miller, and P. Lescoe, “A Transportable Neural-Network Approach to Autonomous Vehicle Following,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 47, NO. 2, pp.694–702, 1998.
M. Krstic, I. Kanellakopoulos and P. Kokotovic, Nonlinear and Adaptive Control Design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1995.
M. Krödel, K.-D. Kuhnert, ‘Pattern matching for either autonomous driving or driver assistance systems“. IEEE Inteligent, Vehicle Symposium (IV’2002), June 17–21, 2002, versailes, France.
M. Krödel, K.-D. Kuhnert ‘Reinforcement learning to drive a car by pattern matching“, The 28th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2002), November 5–8, Sevillia, Spain, pp. 1728–1734.
K.-D. Kuhnert, M. Krödel, ‘Autonomous driving by pattern matching and reinforcement learning”, Int’l Colloquium on Autonomous and Mobile Systems. June 25–26, 2002, Magdeburg, Germany.
K.-D. Kuhnert, M. Krödel, W. Dong, ‘Lernen als Paradigma für die Fahrerassistenzsysteme der nächsten Generation“, Workshop Fahrerassistenzsysteme. Oktober 9–11, 2002, Walting, Germany.
F. Lewis, C. Abdallah, and D. Dawson, Control of Robot Manipulators. Macmillan: New York, 1993.
F.L. Lewis, A. Yesildirek, and K. Liu, “Multilayer neural-net robot controller with guaranteed tracking performance,” IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks, Vol.7, no.2, pp.388–399, 1996.
D. H. McMahon et al., “Longitudinal vehicle controller design for IVHS: Theory and experiment,” in Proc. Amer. Control Conf., 1992, pp. 1753–1757.
T. S. No, K.-T. Chong, and D.-H. Roh, “A Lyapunov Function Approach to Longitudinal Control of Vehicles in a Platoon,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 50, no. 1, 4, 2001.
S. Oh, J. Lee, and D. Choi, “A New Reinforcement Learning Vehicle Control Architecture for Vision-Based Road Following,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 49, NO. 3, pp.997–1005, 2000.
E. Ono, K. Takanami, N. Iwama, Y. Hayashi, Y. Hirano, and Y. Satoh, “Vehicle integrated control for steering and traction systems by-synthesis,” Automatica, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 1639–1647, 1994.
A. Pomerleau, “ALVINN: An autonomous land vehicle in a neural network,” in Advances in Neural Information Processing, vol. 1. San Francisco, CA: Morgan-Kaufman, 1989.
I. Rivals, D. Canas, L. Personnaz, and G. Dreyfus, “Modeling and control of mobile robots and intelligent vehicles by neural networks,” in Proc. IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symp., Paris, France, Oct. 1994, pp.137–142.
Seibum B. Choi, “The Design of a Look-Down Feedback Adaptive Controller for the Lateral Control of Frant-Wheel-Steering Autonomous Highway Vehicles,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 49, NO. 6, 2257–2269, 2000.
S. E. Shladover, “Longitudinal control of automated guideway transit vehicles within platoons,” J. Dyn. Syst., Measure., Contr., vol. 100, pp. 302–310, 1978.
S. E. Shladover, “Longitudinal control of automotive vehicles in close-formation platoons,” J. Dyn. Syst., Measure., Contr., vol. 113, pp. 231–241, 1991.
S. Sheikholeslam and C. A. Desoer, “Longitudinal control of a platoon of vehicles I: Linear model,” PATH, Res. Rep. UCB-ITS-PRR-89-3, Aug. 19, 1989.
H.T. Sussmann and P. Kokotovic, “The peaking phenomenon and the global stabilization of nonlinear systems,” IEEE Trans. Auto. Contr., Vol.36, pp.424–440, 1991.
D. Swaroop, J. K. Hedrick, and S. B. Choi, “Direct Adaptive Longitudinal Control of Vehicle Platoons,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 50, no. 1, pp.150–161, 2001.
Jeng-Yu Wang and Masayoshi Tomizuka, “Gain-Scheduled H-infinity Loop-Shaping Control for Automated Lane Guidance of Tactor-Semitrailer Combination Vehicles,” Proc. of American Control Conference, Chicago, June 2000.
Jeng-Yu Wang and Masayoshi Tomizuka, “Robust H-infinite Lateral Control of Heavy-Duty Vehicles in Automated Highway System,” 1999 IEEE American Control Conference, San Diego, June 1999.
G. Yu, I. K. Sethi, “Road following with continuous learning”, in Proc. Intelligent Vehicle’95, Detroit, MI, pp. 412–417.
S. H. Yu and J. I. Moskwa, “A global approach to vehicle control: Coordination of four wheel steering and wheel torques,” ASME Trans. J.Dynamics, Measurement, Contr., vol. 116, pp. 659–667, Dec. 1994.
C. Samson, “Path following and time-varying feedback stabilization of wheeled mobile robot,” Conf. of Int. Conf. ICARCV, Vol.1, Singapore, 1992.
Y. Zhang, E.B. Kosmatopoulos, P.A. Ioannou, C.C. Chien, “Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control Using Front and Back Information for Tight Vehicle Following Maneuvers,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol.48, No. 1. pp.319–328, 1999.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kuhnert, KD., Dong, W. (2003). Über die lernende Regelung autonomer Fahrzeuge mit neuronalen Netzen. In: Dillmann, R., Wörn, H., Gockel, T. (eds) Autonome Mobile Systeme 2003. Informatik aktuell. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18986-9_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18986-9_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-20142-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18986-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive