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Kognitive Störungen in der neuropsychologischen Rehabilitation

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Book cover Neuropsychologische Rehabilitation

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Zusammenfassung

Traditionelle Formen der Rehabilitation behandeln Störungen höherer zerebralen Funktionen oft nicht angemessen. Die neuropsychologische Rehabilitation basiert auf einer unterstützenden Aufklärung der Patienten über die Art ihrer Störungen. In diesem Prozess sollten die Patienten die Möglichkeit erhalten, ihr Verhalten zu beobachten und „problemat ische“ Anteile daran zu erkennen. Ihnen sollte vermittelt werden, in welcher Weise sich die direkten und indirekten Folgen ihrer Hirnschädigung äußern. Der Therapeut hat die Aufgabe, Entscheidungen des Patienten, die seine Anpassung unterstützen und unnötige Komplikationen vermeiden, zu fördern. Dies ist der Kern des 4. Prinzips.

„Der Grad der Beeinträchtigung der höchsten integrativen Funktionen hängt direkt mit der Gesamtzahl defekter kortikaler Neurone zusammen. Dies ist unabhängig davon, ob sie in einem Gebiet des homotopen Isokortex oder diffus über die Hemisphären verteilt sind“ (Kiev et al. 1962, S. 393).

„Auch bei der Bewältigung einfacher kognitiver Aufgaben müssen verschiedene Hirnareale koordiniert werden. Eine Aufgabe wird nicht von einem einzelnen Gehirnareal ausgeführt; die Operationen, die der Durchführung zugrunde liegen, sind jedoch streng lokaltslert“ (Posner et al. 1988, S. 1627).

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  1. Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

    George P. Prigatano

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Prigatano, G.P. (2004). Kognitive Störungen in der neuropsychologischen Rehabilitation. In: Neuropsychologische Rehabilitation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18768-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18768-1_5

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43653-9

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