Abstract
A number of situations can lead to an impairment of fetal brain perfusion. Schematically, these causes can be of placental, maternal (hypovolaemic shock, hypoxia, abdominal trauma, hypo- or hypertension, drug use) or fetal (infection, anasarca) origin [1, 2]. Aside from these risk situations, one must also consider the monochorial multiple pregnancies, either when one of the fetuses dies in utero, or in the context of a twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) [3].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barkovich AJ (2000) Brain and spine injuries in infancy and childhood: In: Barkovich AJ (ed) Congenital malformations of the brain and skull in pediatric neuroimaging. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 157–253
Rorke LB, Zimmerman RA (1992) Prematurity, postmaturity and destructive lesions un utero. AJNR 13:517–536
Langer B, Boudier E, Gasser B, Christmann D, Messer J, Schlaeder G (1997) Antenatal diagnosis of brain damage in the survivor after the second trimester death of a monochorionic monoamniotic co-twin. Fetal Diagn Ther 12:286–291
Sibony O, Stempfle N, Luton D, Oury JF, Blot P (1998) In utero fetal cerebral intraparenchymal ischemia diagnosed by nuclear magnetic resonance. Dev Med Child Neurol 40:122–123
Vannucci RC (2000) Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Am J Perinatol 217:113–120
Marret S, Zupan V, Gressens P, Lagercrantz H, Evrard P (1998) Les leucomalacies périventriculaires. I — Aspects histologiques et étiopathogéniques. II-Diagnostic, séquelles et neuroprotection. Arch Pédiatr 5:525–545
Jammes JL, Gilles FH (1983) Telencephalic development: matrix volume and isocortex and allocortex surface areas. In: Gilles FH, Leviton A, Dooling EC (eds) The developing human brain. John Wright-PSG, Boston, pp 87–93
Brisse H, Fallet C, Sebag G, Nessmann C, Blot P, Hassan M (1997) Supratentorial parenchyma in the developing fetal brain: in vitro MR study with histologic comparison. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 18:1491–1497
Canapicchi R, Cioni G, Strigini FAL, Abbruzzese A, Bartale-na L, Lencioni G (1998) Prenatal diagnosis of periventricular hemorrhage by fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging. Childs Nerv Syst 14:689–692
Fukui K, Morioka T, Nishio S, Mihara F, Nakayama H, Tsukimori K, Fukui M (2001) Fetal germinal matrix and intraventricular haemorrhage diagnosed by MRI. Neuroradiology 43:68–72
Simon EM, Goldstein RB, Coakley FV, Filly RA, Broderick KC, Musci TJ, Barkovich AJ (2000) Fast MR imaging of fetal CNS anomalies in utero. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 21:1688–1698
Garel C, Chantrel E, Sebag G, Brisse H, Elmaleh M, Hassan M (2000) Le développement du cerveau fœtal: atlas IRM et biométrie. Sauramps Médical
Counsell SJ, Maalouf EF, Fletcher AM, Duggan P, Battin M, Lewis HJ, Herlihy AH, Edwards D, Bydder GM, Rutherford MA (2002) MR imaging assessment of myelination in the very preterm brain.. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:872–881
Childs AM, Ramenghi LA, Cornette L, Tanner SF, Arthur RJ, Martinez D, Levene MI (2001) Cerebral maturation in premature infants: quantitative assessment using MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22:1577–1582
Fusch C, Ozdoba C, Kuhn P, Dürig P, Remonda L, Müller C, Kaiser G, Schroth G, Moessinger AC (1997) Perinatal ultra-sonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in congenital hydrocephalus associated with fetal intraventricular hemorrhage. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177:512–518
Ali Ahmed SA, Charlier C, Deschamps F, Couture A, Boulot P (1998) Hémorragie intraventriculaire fœtale par contusion cérébrale et résolution spontanée. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 27:825–828
Knuppel RA, Day Salvatore DL, Agarwal R, Leiman S, Sikka A (1994) Documented fetal brain damage resulting from a motor vehicle accident. J Ultrasound Med 13:402–404
Green PM, Wilson H, Romaniuk C, May P, Welch CR (1999) Idiopathic intracranial haemorrhage in the fetus. Fetal Diagn Ther 14:275–278
Hildebrandt T, Powell T (2002) Repeated antenatal intracranial haemorrhage: magnetic resonance imaging in a fetus with alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonat 87:F222–F223
Meagher SE, Walker SP, Choong S (2002) Mid-trimester fetal subdural hemorrhage: prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 20:296–298
Sharony R, Kidron D, Aviram R, Beyth Y, Tepper R (1999) Prenatal diagnosis of fetal cerebellar lesions: a case report and review of the literature. Prenat Diagn 19:1077–1080
Reiss I, Gortner L, Möller J, Gehl HB, Baschat AA, Gembruch U (1996) Fetal intracerebral hemorrhage in the second trimester: diagnosis by sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 7:49–51
Achiron R, Hamiel Pinchas O, Reichman B, Heyman Z, Schimmel M, Eidelman A, Mashiach S (1993) Fetal intracranial haemorrhage: clinical significance of in utero ultrasonographic diagnosis. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 100:995–999
Kirkinen P, Partanen K, Ryynänen M, Ordén MR (1997) Fetal intracranial hemorrhage. J Reprod Med 42:467–472
Barozzino T, Sgro M, Toi A, Akouri H, Wilson S, Yeo E, Blaser S, Chitayat D (1998) Fetal bilateral subdural haemorrhages. Prenatal diagnosis and spontaneous resolution by time of delivery. Prenat Diagn 18:496–503
Catanzarite VA, Schrimmer DB, Maida C, Mendoza A (1995) Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of intracranial haemorrhage: report of a case with a sinusoidal fetal heart rate tracing, and review of the literature. Prenat Diagn 15:229–235
Batukan C, Holzgreve W, Bubl R, Visca E, Radü EW, Tercanli S (2002) Prenatal diagnosis of an infratentorial subdural hemorrhage: case report. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 19: 407–409
Bradley WG (1994) Hemorrhage and hemorrhagic infections in the brain. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 4:707–732
Bordarier C, Robain O (1992) Microgyric and necrotic cortical lesions in twin fetuses: original cerebral damage consecutive to twinning? Brain Dev 14:174–178
Castillo M, Mukherji SK (1996) Destructive, ischemic and vascular disorders. In: Imaging of the pediatric head, neck, and spine. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp 145–190
Everett MF, Shulkin B, Kuhns LR, Donn SM. Intrauterine stroke, cerebral injury and seizures. J Perinatol 1996; 16 (6): 494–497
Malinger G, Lev D, Ben Sira L, Kidron D, Tamarkin M, Lerman-Sagie T (2002) Congenital periventricular pseudocysts: prenatal sonographic appearance and clinical implications. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 20:447–451
Bats AS, Molho M, Senat MV, Paupe A, Bernard JP, Ville Y (2002) Subependymal pseudocysts in the fetal brain: prenatal diagnosis of two cases and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 20:502–505
Thun-Hohenstein L, Forster I, Künzle C, Martin E, Bolts-hauser E (1994) Transient bifrontal solitary periventricular cysts in term neonates. Neuroradiology 36:241–244
Sudakoff GS, Mitchell DG, Stanley C, Graziani LJ (1991) Frontal periventricular cysts on the first day of life. A one-year clinical follow-up and its significance. J Ultrasound Med 10:25–30
Rademaker KJ, De Vries LS, Barth PG (1993) Subependymal pseudocysts: ultrasound diagnosis and findings at follow-up. Acta Paediatr 82:394–399
Larroche JC (1972) Sub-ependymal pseudo-cysts in the newborn. Biol Neonate 21:170–183
De Laveaucoupet J, Audibert F, Guis F, Rambaud C, Suarez B, Boithias-Guérot C, Musset D (2001) Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of ischemic brain injury. Prenat Diagn 21:729–736
Wetzel SG, Lee VS, Tan AGS, Heid O, Cha S, Johnson G, Rofsky NM (2001) Real time interactive duplex MR measurements: application in neurovascular imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 177:703–707
Panigrahy A, Barnes PD, Robertson RL, Back SA, Sleeper LA, Sayre JW, Kinney HC, Volpe JJ (2001) Volumetric brain differences in children with periventricular T2-signal hyperintensities: a grouping by gestational age at birth. AJR Am J Roentgenol 177:695–702
Brisse H, Fallet C, Sebag G, Garel C, Elmaleh M, Vuillard E, Blot P, Evrard P, Hassan M (1997) In utero MRI: diagnosis of antenatal brain ischemia (abstract). Pediatr Radiol 27:465
Neil JJ, Shiran SI, McKinstry RC, Schefft GL, Snyder AZ, Almli CR, Akbudak E, Aronovitz JA, Miller JP, Lee BCP, Conturo TE (1998) Normal brain in human newborns: apparent diffusion coefficient and diffusion anisotropy measured by using diffusion tensor MR imaging. Radiology 209:57–66
Hüppi PS, Maier SE, Peled S, Zientara GP, Barnes PD, Jolesz FA, Volpe JJ (1998) Microstructural development of human newborn cerebral white matter assessed in vivo by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Res 44:584–590
Righini A, Bianchini E, Parazzini C, Gementi P, Ramenghi L, Baldoli C, Nicolini U, Mosca F, Triulzi F (2003) Apparent diffusion coefficient determination in normal fetal brain: a prenatal MR imaging study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 24:799–804
Bui T, Daire JL, Alberti C, Elmaleh M, Garel C, Luton D, Hassan M, Sebag G (2003) Microstructural development of fetal brain assessed in utero by diffusion tensor imaging. Pediatr Radiol 33:526
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Garel, C. (2004). Abnormalities of the Fetal Cerebral Parenchyma: Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic Lesions. In: MRI of the Fetal Brain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18747-6_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18747-6_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62275-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18747-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive