Zusammenfassung
Systematisch-wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen biologischer Grundlagen und Phänomene von Angststörungen wurden im Tierbereich seit Pawlows Experimenten zur klassischen Konditionierung und im Humanbereich seit Laders u. Wing (1966) Habituationsstudien bei „frei flottierender“ Angst durchgeführt, Der Bereich der biologischen Grundlagen wurde von den primär an psychologischen Prozessen interessierten Psychotherapeuten über lange Zeit vernachlässigt, da diese der Ansicht waren, die biologische Forschung diene ausschließlich der Entwicklung medikamentöser Behandlung. Viele biologische Forscher teilten diese Meinung und waren darüber hinaus überzeugt, Angststörungen seien grundsätzlich nur mit biologischen Methoden, d. h. medicamentös, zu behandeln. Diese Auffassung hat seither einer verhaltensbiologischen Sichtweise Platz gemacht, in deren Rahmen biologische Grundlagen auch mit psychologischer Behandlung in Zusammenhang gesetzt werden.
Die Erforschung biologischer Grundlagenvon Anqststörunqen hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten große Fortschritte gemacht und lässt eine deutliche Verlagerung des Interessesvon peripheren körperlichen Symptomen auf die zentrale Hirntätiqkeit erkennen. Diese neue Sichtweise und die zunehmende Kenntnis von Reifungsprozessen des sich in der Entwicklung befindlichen Gehirns lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Entstehung von Anqststörunqen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen anderen Prozessen unterworfen ist als bei Erwachsenen. In diesem Kapitel werden die biologischen Befunde bei Angststörungen zusammenfassend dargestellt und gesondert auf Ergebnisse bei Kindern und Jugendlichen hingewiesen.
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Sartory, G. (2004). Biologische Grundlagen der Angststörungen. In: Angststörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18499-4_2
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