Abstract
This chapter provides the results of a limited cost–benefit analysis (CBA) on selected implementation scenarios. A main challenge for CBA of ITS-based safety measures is the limited quantifiable estimates of their effects on road fatalities and injuries. As a proxy to estimating such effects, an error-based approach is applied. That is, particular ITS-based measures are assumed to help drivers avoid errors that are known to be related to particular types of accidents; the target accidents of the technologies. Such an approach to measuring benefits inevitably requires strong assumptions for quantifying the fatality/injury effects. In addition, there is also lack of empirical knowledge on the indirect effects of ITS-based safety measures; the possible impact on time use and emissions. Since such possible indirect impacts are not included in this CBA, the analysis can be considered as only partial. Even if the quantified safety effects are on the optimistic side, the resulting benefit–cost ratios are still fairly low, because of the technology costs. However, future costs are assumed to decrease, and some of the technologies might be standard equipment in more and more car models.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Alternatively, one could consider that the fatalities/injuries in the “do-nothing” reference still would involve a development of the ITS-based vehicle technology. I.e., for those systems that are already in the (car) market or foreseen in the near future, it could possibly be assumed some market penetration rate also in the “do-nothing” reference; and then having a more sharply increasing market penetration rate in the “do-something” project scenarios. COWI (2006) assumed 10% market deployment of in-vehicle lane departure warning in 2025 in the “do-nothing” reference.
References
H. Baum, T. Geißler, S. Grawenhoff, W.H. Schulz, Cost-Benefit-Analysis of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Systems. - Some Empirical Case Studies, in: Zeitschrift für Verkehrswissenschaft, 77. Jg. (2006), S. 226–254
E. Bekiaris, Y.J. Nakanishi, Economic Impacts of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Innovations and Case Studies. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 8 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2004)
P. Bickel, R. Friedrich, A. Burgess, P. Fagiani, A. Hunt, G. De Jong, J. Laird, C. Lieb, G. Lindberg, P. Mackie, S. Navrud, T. Odgaard, A. Ricci, J. Shires, L. Tavasszy, Proposal for harmonised guidelines, Deliverable 5, Developing Harmonised European Approaches for Transport Costing and Project Assessment (HEATCO). Project funded by the European Commission under the Transport RTD Programme of the 6th Framework Programme, 2006
COWI, Cost–benefit assessment and prioritisation of vehicle safety technologies. Final Report, Economic assistance activities, Framework Contract TREN/A1/56-2004, Consultancy within Engineering, Environmental Science and Economics (COWI A/S), Kongens, Lyngby, 2006
DOT (U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, 2007), http://www.itscosts.its.dot.gov/
R. Elvik, P. Christensen, A. Amundsen, Speed and road accidents: an evaluation of the Power Model. TØI Report 740/2004. Institute of Transport Economics (TØI), Oslo, 2004
D. Gillen, J. Li, J. Dahlgren, E. Chang, Assessing the benefits and costs of ITS projects: volume 1 methodology, Research Report, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1999
S. Hakkert, P. Wesemann (eds.), The Use of Efficiency Assessment Tools: Solutions to Barriers, SWOV Report R-2005-02 (Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV), Leidschendam, 2005)
J. Kleine, C. Lotz, Selected scenarios for WP5. Internal Report WP5, C.N. 506716, IN-SAFETY Project, April 2007
M. Wiethoff, V.A.W.J. Marchau, D. de Waard, L. Walta, K.A. Brookhuis, C. Macharis, C. Lotz, G. Wenzel, E. Ferrari, M. Lu, S. Damiani, Implementation scenarios and concepts towards forgiving roads. Deliverable D1.1, C.N. 506716, IN-SAFETY project, October 2006.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Veisten, K., Erke, A., Elvik, R. (2011). Value for Money. Cost–Benefit Analysis. In: Bekiaris, E., Wiethoff, M., Gaitanidou, E. (eds) Infrastructure and Safety in a Collaborative World. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18372-0_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18372-0_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-18371-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18372-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)