Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Effects of Sense of Presence, Sense of Belonging, and Cognitive Absorption on Satisfaction and User Loyalty toward an Immersive 3D Virtual World

  • Conference paper
Exploring the Grand Challenges for Next Generation E-Business (WEB 2009)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing ((LNBIP,volume 52))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Avatar-based 3D virtual worlds such as Second Life have drawn increasing attention from users and researchers in the past few years as an emerging online environment for social, entertainment, and virtual business. However, there are very limited empirical studies that have examined the influence of social-technonlogical constructs (i.e., sense of presence, sense of belonging, and cognitive absorption) on users’ satisfaction and their loyalty to a virtual world. An aggregate second-order construct that consists of multiple-dimensions seems a reasonable approach. Moreover, due to the multi-dimensional characteristics of socio-technological constructs, examining those constructs needs to use more stable and reliable higher-order measurements than before. Therefore, in this study, we empirically investigate the effect of three social-technological constructs as a multi-dimensional second-order construct on the first-time users’ satisfaction with and loyalty to avatar-based virtual world. The results and their theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Sproull, L., Faraj, S.: Atheism, Sex, and Databases: The Net As A Social Technology. In: Kiesler, S. (ed.) Culture of The Internet, pp. 35–51. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwan (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ellul, J.: The technological society. Vintage, New York (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Parameswaran, M., Whinston, A.B.: Social Computing: An Overview. Communications of the Association for Information Systems 19, 762–780 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. McMillan, D.W., Chavis, D.M.: Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology 14, 6–23 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lombard, M., Ditton, T.B.: At the Heart of It All: The Concept of Presence. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 3(2) (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Barfield, W., et al.: Presence and performance within virtual environments. In: Barfield, W., Furness, T.A. (eds.) Virtual environments and advanced interface design, pp. 473–541. Oxford University Press, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Singer, M.J., Witmer, B.G.: Presence; Where are we now? In: Smith, M., Salvendy, G., Koubek, R. (eds.) Design of Computing Systems: Social and Ergonomic Considerations, pp. 885–888. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Goffman, E.: Behavior in Public Places. The Free Press, New York (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Short, J., Williams, E., Christie, B.: The Social Psychology of Telecommunication. John Wiley and Sons, London (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Minsky, M.: Telepresence. Omni 2(9), 45–51 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Sheridan, T.B.: Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence. Presence 1(1), 120–126 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kumar, N., Benbasat, I.: Para-Social Presence and Communication Capabilities of a Web Site: A Theoretical Perspective e-Service Journal 1.3, 5–24 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  13. IJsselsteijn, W.A., et al.: Presence: concept, determinants and measurement. In: SPIE, Human Vision and Electronic Imaging, San Jose, CA (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Schloerb, D.W.: A quantitative measure of telepresence. Presence 4(1), 64–80 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fulk, J., Schmitz, J., Steinfield, C.: A social influence model of technology use. In: Fulk, J., Steinfield, C. (eds.) Organizations and Communication Technology, pp. 117–142. Sage, Newbury Park (1990)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Blanchard, A.L., Markus, M.L.: The experienced “sense” of a virtual community: Characteristics and Processes. The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems 35(10), 64–79 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones, Q.: Virtual communities, virtual settlements and cyber-archaeology: A theoretical outline? Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 3(3) (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ostroff, C., Shin, Y., Feinberg, B.: Skill acquisition and person-environment fit. In: Feldman, D.C. (ed.) Work careers: a developmental approach, pp. 63–90. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Agarwal, R., Karahanna, E.: Time Flies When You’re Having Fun: Cognitive Absorption and Beliefs about Information Technology Usage. MIS Quarterly 24(4), 665–694 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Yang, X., Teo, H.: The Conflict Between Absorption and Self-Control in Playing Computer Games: How Do Free Trial Restrictions Influence Playing Experience and Purchase Decision Making. In: ICIS 2008 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hess, T.J., Fuller, M.A., Mathew, J.: Involvement and Decision-Making Performance with a Decision Aid: The Influence of Social Multimedia, Gender, and Playfulness. Journal of Management Information Systems 22(3), 15–54 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Jia, R., Hartke, H., Pearson, J.: Can Computer Playfulness and Cognitive Absorption Lead to Problematic Technology Usage? In: ICIS 2007, Montreal, Canada (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Rowley, J., Dawes, J.: Customer Loyalty - a Relevant Concept for Libraries? Library Management 20(6), 345–351 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Oliver, R.L.: Expectation Processes in Satisfaction Formation. Journal of Service Research 1(3), 196–214 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ranaweera, C., Prabhu, J.: The influence of satisfaction trust and switching barriers on customer retention in a continuous purchasing setting. International Journal of Service Industry Management 14(4), 374–395 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Lam, S.Y., et al.: Customer Value, Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Switching Costs: An Illustration From a Business-to-Business Service Context. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 32(3), 293–311 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Shankar, V., Smith, A.K., Rangaswamy, A.: Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Online and Offline Environments. International Journal of Research in Marketing 20, 153–175 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Yi, Y., La, S.: What Influences the Relationship Between Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention? Investigating the Effects of Adjusted Expectations and Customer Loyalty. Psychology & Marketing 21(5), 351–373 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Taylor, S.A., Hunter, G.: An exploratory investigation into the antecedents of satisfaction, brand attitude, and loyalty within the (B2B) eCRM industry. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior 16, 19–35 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lee, E.-J., Overby, J.W.: Creating Value for Online Shoppers: Implications for Satisfaction and Loyalty. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior 17, 54–67 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Singh, J., Sirdeshmukh, D.: Agency and Trust Mechanisms in Consumer Satisfaction and Loyalty Judgments. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science 28(1), 150–167 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Bolton, R.N., Lemon, K.N.: A dynamic model of customers usage of services: usage as an antecedent and consequence of satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research 36(2), 171–186 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Sirdeshmukh, D., Singh, J., Sabol, B.: Consumer Trust, Value, and Loyalty in Relational Exchanges. Journal of Marketing 66(1), 15–37 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Yoo, Y., Alavi, M.: Media and group cohesion: relative influences on social presence, task participation, and group consensus. MIS Quarterly 25(3), 371–390 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Hoffman, D.L., Novak, T.P.: Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations. Journal of Marketing 60(3), 50–68 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Li, H., Daugherty, T., Biocca, F.: Impact on 3-D advertising on product knowledge, brand attitude, and purchase intention: the mediating role of presence. Journal of Advertising 31(3), 43–57 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Miranda, S.M., Saunders, C.S.: The Social Construction of Meaning: An Alternative Perspective on Information Sharing. Information Systems Research 14(1), 87–107 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Gefen, D., Straub, D.: Managing user trust in B2C e-Services. e-Service Journal 2(2), 7–24 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Pavlou, P.A., Liang, H., Xue, Y.: Understanding and Mitigating Uncertaintyin Online Environments: A Longitudinal Analysis of Trust and Social in Academy of Management Conference, Honolulu (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Khalifa, M., Shen, N.: System Design Effects on Social Presence and Telepresence in Virtual Communities. In: ICIS, Washington (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Jung, Y.: Influence of Sense of Presence on Intention to Participate in a Virtual Community. In: HICSS 2008 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Biocca, F., Harms, C., Burgoon, J.K.: Toward a More Robust Theory and Measure of Social Presence: Review and Suggested Criteria. Presence 12(5), 456–480 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Brodsky, A.E., O’Campo, P.J., Aronson, R.E.: PSOC in Community Context: Multi-Level Correlates of a Measure of Psychological Sense of Community in Low-Income, Urban Neighborhoods. Journal of Community Psychology 27(6), 659–679 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Kim, W.G., Lee, C., Hiemstra, S.J.: Effects of an online virtual community on customer loyalty and travel product purchases. Tourism Management 25(3), 343–355 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Koh, J., Kim, Y.G.: Sense of Virtual Community: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Validation. International Journal of Electronic Commerce 8(2), 75–93 (2003-2004)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Lin, H.-F.: Examination of cognitive absorption influencing the intention to use a virtual community. Behaviour & Information Technology, iFirst article, 1–11 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Saade, R., Bahli, B.: The impact of cognitive absorption on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in on-line learning: an extention of the technology acceptance model. Information & Management 42(2), 317–327 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Moore, G.C., Benbasat, I.: Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation. Information Systems Research 2(3), 192–222 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Rogers, E.M.: Communication: The new media in society. The Free Press, New York (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Rogers, E.M.: Diffusion of innovations, 4th edn. The Free Press, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Chin, W.W.: The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. In: Marcoulides, G.A. (ed.) Modern Methods for Business Research, pp. 295–336. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Qiu, L., Benbasat, I.: An Investigation into the Effects of Text-to-Speech Voice and 3D Avatars on the Perception of Presence and Flow of Live Help in Electronic Commerce. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 12(4), 329–355 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Ma, M., Agarwal, R.: Through a Glass Darkly: Information Technology Design, Identity Verification, and Knowledge Contribution in Online Communities. Information Systems Research 18(1), 42–67 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Koh, J., Kim, Y.G.: Sense of Virtual Community: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Validation. International Journal of Electronic Commerce 8(2), 75–93 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Konana, P., Balasubramanian, S.: The Social–Economic–Psychological model of technology adoption and usage: an application to online investing. Decision Support Systems 39(3), 505–524 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Hsu, C.-L., Lu, H.-P.: Why do people play on-line games? An extended TAM with social influences and flow experience. Information and Management 41(7), 853–868 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Bhattacherjee, A.: Understanding Information Systems Continuance: an Expectation-Confirmation Model. MIS Quarterly 25(3), 351–370 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. McKinney, V., Yoon, K., Zahedi, F.: The Measurement of Web-Customer Satisfaction: An Expectation and Disconfirmation Approach. Information Systems Research 13(3), 296–315 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Jarvenpaa, S.L., Tractinsky, N., Vitale, M.: Consumer Trust in an Internet Store. Information Technology and Management 1(1-2), 45–71 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Mathieson, K.: Predicting User Intentions: Comparing the Technology Acceptance Model with the Theory of Planned Behavior. Information Systems Research 2(3), 173–191 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Gefen, D.: E-commerce: The Role of Familiarity and Trust. Omega: The International Journal of Management Science 28(6), 725–737 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Fornell, C., Larcker, D.: Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research 18(1), 39–50 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Chin, W.W.: Issues and Opinion on Structural Equation Modeling. MIS Quarterly 22(1), 7–16 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Information Systems, University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX, 77058, USA

    Dan J. Kim

  2. Department of Information Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, USA, 21250

    Dongsong Zhang

Authors
  1. Dan J. Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dongsong Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Management Science and Systems, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14260, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA

    Raj Sharman

  2. Department of Management Science and Systems, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Management, 14260, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA

    H. Raghav Rao

  3. Department of Information Systems, Arizona State University, 601G, 874606, Tempe, AZ, USA

    T. S. Raghu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Kim, D.J., Zhang, D. (2010). The Effects of Sense of Presence, Sense of Belonging, and Cognitive Absorption on Satisfaction and User Loyalty toward an Immersive 3D Virtual World. In: Sharman, R., Rao, H.R., Raghu, T.S. (eds) Exploring the Grand Challenges for Next Generation E-Business. WEB 2009. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 52. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17449-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17449-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-17448-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-17449-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation