Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Osteomyelitis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Armed Conflict Injuries to the Extremities

  • 1429 Accesses

Abstract

Bone infection and osteomyelitis are among the most serious complications encountered following combat trauma and high-speed injuries. Thus, the orthopedic surgeon must be experienced in both internal and external fixation modalities. An infectious disease specialist and a plastic surgeon, experienced in soft tissue reconstruction, are required for teamwork, as in tumor surgery. This chapter includes bone infection, defects, and osteomyelitis in detail.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Alanis, A.J.: Resistance to antibiotics: are we in the post-antibiotic era? Arch. Med. Res. 36, 697–705 (2005)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Al-Nawas, B., Shah, P.M.: Intracellular activity of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, against methicilline resistant Staphyloccocus aureus. J. Antimicrob. Chemoth. 41, 655–658 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Anthony, J.P., Mathes, S.J., Alpert, B.S.: The muscle flap in the treatment of chronic lower extremity osteomyelitis: results in patients over 5 years after treatment. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 88, 311–318 (1991)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Argenta, L., Morykwas, M.: Vacuum-assisted closure: a new method for wound control and treatment: clinical experience. Ann. Plast. Surg. 38, 563–577 (1997)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Attias, N., Lindsey, R.W.: Case reports: management of large segmental tibial defects using a cylindrical mesh cage. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 450, 259–266 (2006)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Calhoun, J.H., Henry, S.L., Anger, D.M., et al.: The treatment of infected nonunions with gentamicin-polymethylmethacrylate antibiotic beads. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 295, 23–27 (1993)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Cierny, G., Mader, J.T., Penninck, J.J.: A clinical staging system for adult osteomyelitis. Contemp. Orthop. 10, 17–37 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Conway, J.D.: Osteomyelitis and infected nonunions. In: Rozbruch, S.R., Ilizarov, S. (eds.) Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery, pp. 203–219. Informa, New York (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Eralp, L., Kocaoglu, M., Rashid, H.: Reconstruction of segmental bone defects due to chronic osteomyelitis with use of an external fixator and an intramedullary nail. Surgical technique. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 89, 183–195 (2007)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Gross, T., Kaim, A.H., Regazzoni, P., et al.: Current concepts in posttraumatic osteomyelitis: a diagnostic challenge with new imaging options. J. Trauma 52, 1210–1219 (2002)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gustilo, R.B.: Management of infected nonunion. In: Gustilo, R.B., Gruninger, R.P., Tsukayama, D.T. (eds.) Orthopedic Infections: Diagnosis and Treatment, pp 139–154. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Heppert, V., Glatzel, U., Wentzensen, A.: Postoperative und bakterielle Osteitis. Orthopaede 33, 316–326 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ilizarov, G.A.: The treatment of pseudoarthrosis complicated by osteomyelitis and the elimination of purulent cavities. In: Ilizarov, G.A. (ed.) Transosseous Osteosynthesis, pp. 495–543. Springer, Heidelberg (1992)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Kaim, A., Lederman, H.P., Bongartz, G., et al.: Chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower extremity: comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and combined bone scintigraphy/immunoscintigraphy with radiolabelled monoclonal antigranulocyte antibodies. Skeletal Radiol. 29, 378–386 (2000)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Lederman, H.P., Kaim, A., Bongartz, G., et al.: Pitfalls and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging in chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. Eur. Radiol. 10, 1815–1823 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Liener, U., Kienzl, L.: Die behandlung der posttraumatischen osteomyelitis. Osteosyn. Intern. 5, 193–198 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Magadum, M.P., Yadav, C.M.B., Phaneesha, M.S., et al.: Acute compression and lengthening by the Ilizarov technique for infected nonunion of the tibia with large bone defects. J. Orthop. Surg. 14, 273–279 (2006)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mathes, S.J., Alpert, B.S., Chang, N.: Use of the muscle flap in chronic osteomyelitis: experimental and chronical correlation. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 69, 815–828 (1982)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ochsner, P.E., Hailemariam, S.: Histology of osteosynthesis associated bone infection. Injury 37, 49–58 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ostermann, P.A., Haase, N., Rübberdt, A., et al.: Management of a long segmental defect at the proximal meta-diaphyseal junction of the tibia using a cylindrical titanium mesh cage. J. Orthop. Trauma 16, 597–601 (2002)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Paley, D., Catagni, M.A., Argnani, F., et al.: Ilizarov treatment of tibial nonunions with bone loss. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 241, 146–165 (1989)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Papineau, L.J., Alfageme, A., Dulcoit, J.P., et al.: Chronic osteomyelitis. Open excision and grafting after saucerization. Int. Orthop. 3, 165–176 (1979)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Patzakis, M.J.: Management of acute and chronic osteomyelitis. In: Chapman, M.W., Szabo, R.M., Marder, R.A., Vince, K.G., Mann, R.A., Lane, J.M., McLain, R.F., Rab, G. (eds.) Chapman’s Orthopedic Surgery, 2nd edn, pp. 3533–3559. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Patzakis, M.J., Zalavras, C.G.: Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and infected nonunion of the tibia: current management concepts. J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 13, 417–427 (2005)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Rao, N., Ziran, B.H., Hall, R.A., et al.: Successful treatment of chronic bone and joint infections with oral linezolid. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 427, 67–71 (2004)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ribbans, W.J., Stubbs, D.A., Saleh, M.: Non-union surgery: Part II. The Sheffield experience: one hundred consecutive cases: results and lessons. Int. J. Orthop. Trauma 2, 19–24 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ring, D., Jupiter, J.B., Gan, B.S., et al.: Infected nonunion of the tibia. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 369, 302–311 (1999)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Saleh, M.: Non-union surgery: Part I. basic principles of management. Int. J. Orthop. Trauma 2, 4–18 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Saleh, M., Rees, A.: Bifocal surgery for deformity and bone loss after lower-limb fractures. Comparison of bone-transport and compression-distraction methods. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 77, 429–434 (1995)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Shiha, A.E., Khalifa, A.R., Assaghir, Y.M., et al.: Medial transport of the fibula using the Ilizarov device for reconstruction of a massive defect of the tibia in two children. J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. 90, 1627–1630 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Siegel, H.J., Patzakis, M.J., Holtom, P.D., et al.: Limb salvage for chronic tibial osteomyelitis: an outcomes study. J. Trauma 48, 484–489 (2000)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Tetsworth, K., Cierny III, G.: Osteomyelitis debridement techniques. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 360, 87–96 (1999)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Thonse, R., Conway, J.D.: Antibiotic cement-coated nails for the treatment of infected nonunions and segmental bone defects. J. Bone. Joint. Surg. Am. 90(Suppl 4), 163–174 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Tiemann, A.H., Diefenbeck, M., Mückley, T., et al.: Hyperbare Sauerstofftherapie in der Osteitisbehandlung – Gibt es Neuigkeiten? Zentralbl. Chir. 133, 396–398 (2008)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Tiemann, A.H., Hofmann, G.O.: Principles of the therapy of bone infections in adult extremities. Are there any new developments? Strat. Trauma. Limb Recon. 4, 57–64 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Tu, Y.K., Yen, C.Y.: Role of vascularized bone grafts in lower extremity osteomyelitis. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 38, 37–49 (2007)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wolvos, T.: Wound instillation – the next step in negative pressure wound therapy. Lessons learned from initial experiences. Ostomy Wound Manage. 50, 56–66 (2004)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wood, M.B., Cooney III, W.P.: Vascularized bone segment transfers for management of chronic osteomyelitis. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 15, 461–472 (1984)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Zalavras, C.G., Marcus, R.E., Levin, L.S., et al.: Management of open fractures and subsequent complications. J. Bone Joint. Surg. Am. 89A, 883–895 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Zalavras, C.G., Patzakis, M.J., Holtom, P.: Local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of open fracture and osteomyelitis. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 427, 86–93 (2004)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istanbul School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul University, Capa Topkapi, Istanbul, 34390, Turkey

    Levent Eralp

Authors
  1. Levent Eralp
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Levent Eralp .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ziv Medical Center, Str. Rambam 1, Zefat, 13100, Israel

    Alexander Lerner

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Deptartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haaliyah Street 8, Haifa, 31096, Israel

    Michael Soudry

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Eralp, L. (2011). Osteomyelitis. In: Lerner, A., Soudry, M. (eds) Armed Conflict Injuries to the Extremities. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16155-1_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16155-1_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-16154-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-16155-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation