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Terahertz Technology pp 91–190Cite as

Terahertz and Infrared Quantum Photodetectors

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 77))

Abstract

The importance and the application vastity of terahertz and infrared photodetectors are clear for every one working in this field. Infrared photodetectors are interesting components in optical communications, thermal imaging and sensor networking. Recently infrared photodetectors have been the focus of much attention due to its potential use in far-infrared imaging as well as room temperature operation, which is of interest from user’s point of view. Conventionally all objects radiate most of its energy in the form of infrared and terahertz waves, for observing objects and physical activity in dark conditions one must monitor the infrared spectra. It is usually customary to use the 3–5 μm infrared window in military applications, 8–15 μm window in thermal imaging and >20 μm in THz applications such as medical diagnostics. More study is done on finding proper material for detecting the infrared spectrum. However the detection of long-wavelength infrared (e.g. 10 μm) radiation requires a small gap (Eg ≈ 0.1 eV). Such small-bandgap materials are well-known to be more difficult to grow, process, and fabricate into devices than are larger bandgap semiconductors [1]. This problem is more critical in THz wavelengths in a manner that it is actually impossible to detect THz radiations via interband optical transitions. Intersubband transitions are a suitable alternative to cover the infrared and THz spectra. On these lines to remove the present problems, improve the detecting parameters and for integrating it with other optoelectronic devices, optimizing the trade-off between Responsivity and Detectivity, spectra engineering and obtaining to suitable detecting parameters at room temperature, photodetector structures are developed from bulk to quantum wells (QWIP) and dots (QDIP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanophotonics, School of Engineering-Emerging Technologies, University of Tabriz, Emam Khomeini Bolv. 29, Bahman, 51666, Tabriz, Iran

    Ali Rostami & Hassan Rasooli

  2. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Emam Khomeini Bolv. 29, Bahman, 51666, Tabriz, Iran

    Hamed Baghban

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  1. Ali Rostami
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Rostami, A., Rasooli, H., Baghban, H. (2011). Terahertz and Infrared Quantum Photodetectors. In: Terahertz Technology. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 77. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15793-6_2

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