Skip to main content

Lattice-Valued Binary Decision Diagrams

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 6252))

Abstract

This work introduces a new data structure, called Lattice-Valued Binary Decision Diagrams (or LVBDD for short), for the compact representation and manipulation of functions of the form \(\theta : 2^{\tt P}\)\({\mathcal L}\), where P is a finite set of Boolean propositions and \({\mathcal L}\) is a finite distributive lattice. Such functions arise naturally in several verification problems. LVBDD are a natural generalisation of multi-terminal ROBDD which exploit the structure of the underlying lattice to achieve more compact representations. We introduce two canonical forms for LVBDD and present algorithms to symbolically compute their conjunction, disjunction and projection. We provide experimental evidence that this new data structure can outperform ROBDD for solving the finite-word LTL satisfiability problem.

Work supported by the projects: (i) Quasimodo: “Quantitative System Properties in Model-Driven-Design of Embedded System”, http://www.quasimodo.aau.dk/ , (ii) Gasics: “Games for Analysis and Synthesis of Interactive Computational Systems”, http://www.ulb.ac.be/di/gasics/ , (iii) Moves: “Fundamental Issues in Modelling, Verification and Evolution of Software”, http://moves.ulb.ac.be , a PAI program funded by the Federal Belgian Government, (iv) CFV (Federated Center in Verification) funded by the FNRS http://www.ulb.ac.be/di/ssd/cfv/

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Minato, S.: Zero-suppressed BDDs for set manipulation in combinatorial problems. In: DAC 1993. ACM, New York (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Reif Andersen, H., Hulgaard, H.: Boolean Expression Diagrams. In: LICS. IEEE, Los Alamitos (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Devereux, B., Chechik, M.: Edge-Shifted Decision Diagrams for Multiple-Valued Logic. In: JMVLSC. Old City Publishing (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cousot, P., Cousot, R.: Abstract Interpretation: A Unified Lattice Model for Static Analysis of Programs by Construction or Approximation of Fixpoints. In: POPL 1977. ACM, New York (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Clarke, E.M., Grumberg, O., Peled, D.A.: Model Checking. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Burch, J.R., Clarke, E.M., McMillan, K.L., Dill, D.L., Hwang, J.: Symbolic Model Checking: 1020 States and Beyond. In: LICS 1990. IEEE, Los Alamitos (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Chechik, M., Devereux, B., Easterbrook, S., Lai, A., Petrovykh, V.: Efficient Multiple-Valued Model-Checking Using Lattice Representations. In: Larsen, K.G., Nielsen, M. (eds.) CONCUR 2001. LNCS, vol. 2154, p. 441. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Cimatti, A., Clarke, E.M., Giunchiglia, F., Roveri, M.: NuSMV: A new symbolic model verifier. In: Halbwachs, N., Peled, D.A. (eds.) CAV 1999. LNCS, vol. 1633, pp. 495–499. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Delzanno, G., Raskin, J.-.F., Van Begin, L.: Covering sharing trees: a compact data structure for parameterized verification. In: STTT, vol. 5(2-3). Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bryant, R.: Graph-based Algorithms for Boolean Function Manipulation. IEEE Trans. on Comp. C-35(8) (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kupferman, O., Lustig, Y.: Lattice Automata. In: Cook, B., Podelski, A. (eds.) VMCAI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4349, pp. 199–213. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Fujita, M., McGeer, P.C., Yang, J.C.Y.: Multi-terminal binary decision diagrams: An efficient data structure for matrix representation. Form. Methods Syst. Des. 10(2-3) (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  13. De Wulf, M., Doyen, L., Henzinger, T.A., Raskin, J.F.: Antichains: A new algorithm for checking universality of finite automata. In: Ball, T., Jones, R.B. (eds.) CAV 2006. LNCS, vol. 4144, pp. 17–30. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Doyen, L., Raskin, J.F.: Antichain Algorithms for Finite Automata. In: Esparza, J., Majumdar, R. (eds.) TACAS 2010. LNCS, vol. 6015, pp. 2–22. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Rozier, K., Vardi, M.: LTL Satisfiability Checking. In: Bošnački, D., Edelkamp, S. (eds.) SPIN 2007. LNCS, vol. 4595, pp. 149–167. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Geldenhuys, J., Hansen, H.: Larger automata and less work for LTL model checking. In: Valmari, A. (ed.) SPIN 2006. LNCS, vol. 3925, pp. 53–70. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Birkhoff, G.: Lattice Theory. Colloquim Publications. Am. Math. Soc., Providence (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lind-Nielsen, J.: Buddy: BDD package, http://www.itu.dk/research/buddy

  19. NuSMV Model-checker, http://nusmv.irst.itc.it/

  20. SMV Model-checker, http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~modelcheck/smv.html

  21. Somenzi, F.: BDD package CUDD, http://vlsi.colorado.edu/~fabio/CUDD/

  22. Ganty, P., Maquet, N., Raskin, J.F.: Fixpoint Guided Abstraction Refinements for Alternating Automata. In: Maneth, S. (ed.) CIAA 2009. LNCS, vol. 5642, pp. 155–164. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  23. De Wulf, M., Doyen, L., Maquet, N., Raskin, J.F.: Antichains: Alternative Algorithms for LTL Satisfiability. In: Ramakrishnan, C.R., Rehof, J. (eds.) TACAS 2008. LNCS, vol. 4963, pp. 63–77. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Geeraerts, G., Kalyon, G., Le Gall, T., Maquet, N., Raskin, JF. (2010). Lattice-Valued Binary Decision Diagrams. In: Bouajjani, A., Chin, WN. (eds) Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. ATVA 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6252. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15643-4_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15643-4_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-15642-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-15643-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics