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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources

Abstract

Arabidopsis thaliana belongs to the family Brassicaceae and possesses several important traits that have made it an excellent model organism. The wild relative species of Arabidopsis provide excellent tools to study its genetic diversity, origin, and evolution. Current molecular tools are being utilized to study the genes and their introgression into Brassica crops. This chapter emphasizes on the understanding of genomic synteny among various members of Brassica and Arabidopsis. It also describes the analysis of wild species of Arabidopsis and their role in understating the origin and evolution of member species of Brassica. Several backcross populations of Arabidopsis have been used to investigate the extent of chromosome differentiation between two species and elucidate the genome differentiation in closely related species. Such studies led to the identification of loci that contribute to genetic isolation between the two species because such loci are expected to be introgressed at a slower rate than neutral loci or loci that are positively selected. Using comparative DNA sequence analysis of a plastid and a nuclear locus across the whole genus Arabidopsis, a phylogenetic framework for all known closest relatives of A. thaliana was introduced. Considerable intraspecific genetic variation occurs among different geographical isolates, and this variation, which is largely quantitative in nature, is being studied by using methods developed for the analysis of quantitative trait loci in crop plants. However, the enormous store of natural variation that is manifested in interspecific differences has been largely ignored. The generation and analysis of interspecific hybrids between A. thaliana and related species would provide an additional unique resource for the functional analysis of the Arabidopsis genome. Comprehensive overview on genetic diversity on all Arabidopsis segregates are discussed in this chapter, which contribute substantially to the knowledge on Arabidopsis wild relatives and, therefore, stimulate further research in these non-model plants.

This chapter was equally contributed by Panthee and Bhattacharya.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology Lab, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32308, USA

    Ramesh Katam

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  1. Ramesh Katam
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  2. Dilip R. Panthee
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  3. Anjanabha Bhattacharya
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  4. Sheikh M. Basha
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  5. Chittaranjan Kole
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Correspondence to Ramesh Katam .

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  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Katam, R., Panthee, D.R., Bhattacharya, A., Basha, S.M., Kole, C. (2011). Arabidopsis. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14871-2_1

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