Abstract
The capability of representing spatio-temporal objects is fundamental when analysing and monitoring the changes in the spatial configuration of a geographical area over a period of time. An important requirement when managing spatio-temporal objects is the support for multiple granularities. In this paper we discuss how the modelling constructs of object data models can be extended for representing and querying multi-granular spatio-temporal objects. In particular, we describe object-oriented formalizations for granularities, granules, and multi-granular values, exploring the issues of value conversions. Furthermore, we formally define an object-oriented multi-granular query language, and discuss dynamic multi-granularity. Finally, we discuss open research issues.
Research presented in this paper was funded by a Strategic Research Cluster grant (07/SRC/I1168) by Science Foundation Ireland under the National Development Plan. The authors gratefully acknowledge this support. The work of Elena Camossi is supported by the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Codd, E.: A relational model of data for large shared data banks. Communications of the ACM 13(6), 377–387 (1970)
Camossi, E., Bertolotto, M., Bertino, E.: A multigranular object-oriented framework supporting spatio-temporal granularity conversions. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 20(5), 511–534 (2006)
Camossi, E., Bertolotto, M., Bertino, E.: Querying multi-granular spatio-temporal objects. In: Bhowmick, S.S., Küng, J., Wagner, R. (eds.) DEXA 2008. LNCS, vol. 5181, pp. 390–403. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Cattel, R., Barry, D., Berler, M., Eastman, J., Jordan, D., Russel, C., Schadow, O., Stanienda, T., Velez, F.: The Object Database Standard: ODMG 3.0. Morgan Kaufmann, Academic Press (2000)
Camossi, E., Bertolotto, M., Bertino, E.: Multigranular Spatio-temporal Models: Implementation Challenges. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, Irvine, CA, USA, November 5-7. ACM, New York (2008)
Anderson, T.: Modeling time at the conceptual level. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Databases: Improving Usability and Responsiveness, pp. 273–297 (1982)
Bettini, C., Jajodia, S., Wang, X.: Time Granularities in Databases, Data Mining, and Temporal Reasoning. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Snodgrass, R.: The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language. Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht (1995)
Dyreson, C., Evans, W., Lin, H., Snodgrass, R.: Efficently Spporting Temporal Granularities. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 12(4), 568–587 (2000)
Bertino, E., Ferrari, E., Guerrini, G., Merlo, I.: T_ODMG: An ODMG Compliant Temporal Object Model Supporting Multiple Granularity Management. Information Systems 28(8), 885–927 (2003)
Jiang, B., Claramunt, C.: A structural approach to the model generalization of a urban street network. Geoinformatica 8(2), 157–171 (2004)
Stell, J., Worboys, M.: Stratified Map Spaces: A Fomal Basis for Multi-Resolution Spatial Databases. In: Poiker, T., Chrisman, N. (eds.) Proceedings of 8th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling (International Geographical Union), pp. 180–189 (1998)
Weibel, R., Dutton, G.: Generalizing Spatial Data and Dealing with Multiple Representations. In: Longley, P., Maguire, D., Goodchild, M., Rhind, D. (eds.) Geographical Information Systems: Principles, techniques, management and applications. John Wiley, New York (1999)
Claramunt, C., Jiang, B.: Hierarchical Reasoning in Time e Space. In: Proceedings of 9th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, pp. 41–51 (2000)
Belussi, A., Combi, C., Pozzani, G.: Towards a Formal Framework for Spatio-Temporal Granularities. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning, pp. 49–53. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2008)
Griffiths, T., Fernandes, A., Paton, N., Barr, R.: The Tripod spatio-historical data model. Data Knowledge and Engineering 49(1), 23–65 (2004)
Jensen, C.S., Dyreson, C.E., Böhlen, M.H., Clifford, J., Elmasri, R.A., Gadia, S.K., Grandi, F., Hayes, P.J., Jajodia, S., Käfer, W., Kline, N., Lorentzos, N.A., Mitsopoulos, Y., Montanari, A., Nonen, D., Peressi, E., Pernici, B., Roddick, J., Sarda, N.L., Scalas, M.R., Segev, A., Snodgrass, R.T., Soo, M.D., Tansel, A.U., Tiberio, P., Wiederhold, G.: A Consensus Glossary of Temporal Database Concepts. In: Etzion, O., Jajodia, S., Sripada, S. (eds.) Dagstuhl Seminar 1997. LNCS, vol. 1399, pp. 366–405. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Khatri, V., Ram, S., Snodgrass, R., O’Brien, G.: Supporting User Defined Granularities and Indeterminacy in a Spatiotemporal Conceptual Model. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Special Issue on Spatial and Temporal Granularity 36(1-2), 195–232 (2002)
Dyreson, C., Snodgrass, R.: Supporting Valid-time Indeterminacy. ACM Transactions on Database Systems 23(1), 1–57 (1998)
Dukham, M., Mason, K., Stell, J., Worboys, M.: A formal approach to imperfection in geographic information. Computer, Environment and Urban Systems 25, 89–103 (2001)
Parent, C., Spaccapietra, S., Zimányl, E.: The murmur project: Modeling and querying multi-representation spatio-temporal databases. Information System 31(8), 733–769 (2006)
Camossi, E., Bertolotto, M., Bertino, E.: Spatio-temporal Multi-granularity: Modelling and Implementation Challenges. University College Dublin, Technical report (2009)
Bettini, C., Dyreson, C., Evans, W., Snodgrass, R.: A Glossary of Time Granularity Concepts. In: Etzion, O., Jajodia, S., Sripada, S. (eds.) Dagstuhl Seminar 1997. LNCS, vol. 1399, pp. 406–413. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Bertino, E., Camossi, E., Guerrini, G.: Access to Multigranular Temporal Objects. In: Christiansen, H., Hacid, M.-S., Andreasen, T., Larsen, H.L. (eds.) FQAS 2004. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3055, pp. 320–333. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Bertolotto, M.: Geometric Modeling of Spatial Entities at Multiple Levels of Resolution. PhD thesis, Università degli Studi di Genova (1998)
Saalfeld, A.: Topologically Consistent Line Simplification with the Douglas-Peucker Algorithm. Cartography and Geographic Information Science 26(1), 7–18 (1999)
Douglas, D., Peucker, T.: Algorithms fot the Reduction of the Number of Points Required to Represent a Line or its Caricature. The Canadian Cartographer 10(2), 112–122 (1973)
Shoham, Y.: Temporal Logics in AI: Semantical and Ontological Considerations. Artificial Intelligence 33(1), 89–104 (1987)
Egenhofer, M., Franzosa, R.: Point-set topological spatial relations. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 5(2), 161–174 (1991)
Bertino, E., Camossi, E., Guerrini, G.: Attribute refinement in a multigranular temporal object data model. CERIAS TR 2009-06, Purdue University, USA (May 2009)
Camossi, E., Bertino, E., Guerrini, G., Bertolotto, M.: Adaptive management of multigranular spatio-temporal object attributes. In: Mamoulis, N., Seidl, T., Pedersen, T.B., Torp, K., Assent, I. (eds.) Advances in Spatial and Temporal Databases. LNCS, vol. 5644, pp. 320–337. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Albertoni, R., Camossi, E., Martino, M.D., Giannini, F., Monti, M.: Semantic granularity for the semantic web. In: Meersman, R., Tari, Z., Herrero, P. (eds.) OTM 2006 Workshops. LNCS, vol. 4278, pp. 1863–1872. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bertino, E., Camossi, E., Bertolotto, M. (2010). Multi-granular Spatio-temporal Object Models: Concepts and Research Directions. In: Norrie, M.C., Grossniklaus, M. (eds) Object Databases. ICOODB 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5936. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14681-7_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14681-7_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-14680-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-14681-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)