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Soil Enzymology pp 167–186Cite as

Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes in Soils

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Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 22))

Abstract

Biopolymers contained within or derived from plant biomass form are by far the largest pool of soil carbon. The decomposition of lignocellulose in the soil environment thus attracts considerable attention. Lignocellulose is composed mainly of the polysaccharidic polymers cellulose and hemicelluloses , and the polyphenolic polymer lignin . During transformation in soils, humic substances (humus, humic, and fulvic acids) are formed from both lignocellulose and structural components of microbial decomposers. This is achieved through the concerted action of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, whose activity is regulated by soil properties, land use and the identity of their microbial producers. Soil fungi seem to be the most important players in lignocellulose transformation processes due to their ability to attack both polysaccharides and polyphenols in the soil organic matter. While some basic concepts of regulation of enzymatic activity have been outlined, questions regarding enzyme production and diversity at the molecular level are just recently being opened.

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Acknowledgment

Financial support from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Project LC06066) and from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (Project QH72216) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic

    Petr Baldrian & Jaroslav Šnajdr

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  1. Petr Baldrian
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  2. Jaroslav Šnajdr
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Correspondence to Petr Baldrian .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Biological, Geological &, Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Euclid Ave. 2121, Cleveland, 44115-2214, Ohio, USA

    Girish Shukla

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Baldrian, P., Šnajdr, J. (2010). Lignocellulose-Degrading Enzymes in Soils. In: Shukla, G., Varma, A. (eds) Soil Enzymology. Soil Biology, vol 22. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14225-3_9

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