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Das HLA-System

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Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie

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Zusammenfassung

Das humane Leukozytenantigen- (HLA-)System umfasst Zellproteine, welche die Gewebeverträglichkeit maßgeblich bestimmen und in ihrer Gesamtheit auch als Hauptgewebsverträglichkeitskomplex (»major histocompatibility complex«, MHC) des Menschen bezeichnet werden. Das HLA-System weist einen außerordentlichen Polymorphismus auf, derzeit sind mehr als 4000 Allele für die Gene der 5 klassischen Vertreter – HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR und -DQ – beschrieben. Die dreidimensionale Struktur der HLA-Determinanten wurde weitgehend charakterisiert; dies ermöglichte ein eingehendes Verständnis ihrer Funktion im Rahmen der Immunantwort. Die Bestimmung der Typen des HLA-Systems besitzt große klinische Bedeutung für die Spenderauswahl bei Organ- und Stammzelltransplantationen, bei Thrombozytentransfusionen sowie für die Diagnostik einiger Krankheiten.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ.-Klinik für Blutgruppenserologie u. Transfusionsmedizin, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090, Wien

    Prof. Dr. G. F. Fischer

  2. Univ.-Klinik für Blutgruppenserologie u. Transfusionsmedizin, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090, Wien

    Prof. Dr. W. R. Mayr

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  1. Prof. Dr. G. F. Fischer
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  1. Abteilung für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Rostock AöR, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock

    Volker Kiefel

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Fischer, G., Mayr, W.R. (2010). Das HLA-System. In: Kiefel, V., Mueller-Eckhardt, C. (eds) Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12765-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12765-6_14

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