Abstract
The montane forest habitats of the Andes support exceptionally high biodiversity, with many species occupying narrow elevational ranges (e.g., Terborgh, 1977). These attributes, combined with the short migratory distances, often <30km separates the lowlands from the upper forest line, allows montane forests to be extremely sensitive monitors of climatic change.
Keywords
- Tropical Forest
- Forest Cover
- Conservation Strategy
- Moist Tropical Forest
- Conservation Response
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Betts, R. A., Cox, P. M., Collins, M., Harris, P. P., Huntingford, C., and Jones, C. D. (2004) The role of ecosystem–atmosphere interactions in simulated Amazonian precipitation decrease and forest dieback under global climate warming. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 78, 157–175.
Brooks, T. M., Pimm, S. L., and Collar, N. J. (1997) Deforestation predicts the number of
threatened birds in insular Southeast Asia. Conservation Biology, 11, 382–394.
Bush, M. B. (1994) Amazonian speciation: A necessarily complex model. J. Biogeography 21,5–17.
Bush, M. B. (1996) Amazonian conservation in a changing world. Biological Conservation, 76, 219–228.
Bush, M. B., Silman, M. R., and Urrego, D. H. (2004) 48,000 years of climate and forest change in a biodiversity hot spot. Science, 303, 827–829.
Colinvaux, P. A. and De, O. P. E. (2001) Amazon plant diversity and climate through the Cenozoic. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 166, 51–63.
Cowling, S. A., Maslin, M. A., and Sykes, M. T. (2001) Paleovegetation simulations of lowland Amazonia and implications for Neotropical allopatry and speciation. Quaternary Research, 55, 140–149.
Cox, P. M., Betts, R. A., Jones, C. D., Spall, S. A., and Totterdell, I. J. (2000) Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. Nature, 408, 184–187.
Cox, P. M., Betts, R. A., Collins, M., Harris, P. P., Huntingford, C., and Jones, C. D. (2004) Amazonian forest dieback under climate–carbon cycle projections for the 21st century. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 78, 137–156. da Fonseca, G. A. B., Rodriguez, C. M., Midgley, G., Busch, J., Hannah, L., and Mittermeier, R. A. (2007) No forest left behind. PLOS Biology, 5, 1645–1646.
Ferreira de Siqueira, M. and Peterson, A. T. (2003) Global climate change consequences for cerrado tree species. Biota Neotropica, 3, 1–14.
Flenley, J. R. (1998) Tropical forests under the climates of the last 30,000 years. Climatic Change, 39, 177–197.
Haffer, J. (1997) Alternative models of vertebrate speciation in Amazonia: An overview. Biodiversity and Conservation, 6, 451–476.
Hannah, L., Lohse, D., Hutchinson, C., Carr, J. L., and Lankerani. A. (1994) A preliminary inventory of human disturbance of world ecosystems. Ambio, 23, 246.
Hannah, L., Midgley, G. F., Lovejoy, T., Bond, W. J., Bush, M. L. J. C., Scott, D., and Woodward, F. I. (2002a) Conservation of biodiversity in a changing climate. Conservation Biology, 16, 11–15.
Hannah, L., Midgley, G. F., and Millar, D. (2002b) Climate change-integrated conservation strategies. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11, 485–495.
Hansen, L., Biringer, J., and Hoffman, J. (2003) Buying Time: A User’s Manual for Building Resistance and Resilience to Climate Change in Natural Systems. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.
IPCC (2001) Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis (Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Cambridge University Press, Port Chester, NY.
James, A. N. and Green, M. J. B. (1999) Global Review ofProtected Area Budgets and Staff (pp. 1–35). World Conservation Monitoring Center, Cambridge, U.K,
Lackner, K. S. (2003) A guide to CO2 sequestration. Science, 300, 1677–1678.
Maley, J. (1996) The African rain forest: Main characteristics of changes in vegetation and climate from the Upper Cretaceous to the Quaternary. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 104B, 31–73.
Marengo, J. A. (2004) Interdecadal variability and trends of rainfall across the Amazon Basin. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 78, 79–96.
Markgraf, V. and Kenny, R. (1995) Character of rapid vegetation and climate change during the late-glacial in southernmost South America. In: B. Huntley, W. Cramer, A. V. Morgan,
H. C. Prentice, and J. R. M. Allen (Eds.), Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: The Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota (pp. 81–102). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
McGlone, M. S. (1995) The responses of New Zealand forest diversity to Quaternary climates. In: B. Huntley, W. Cramer, A. V. Morgan, H. C. Prentice, and J. R. M. Allen (Eds.), Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: The Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota (pp. 73–80). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
McGlone, M. and Clark, J. S. (2005) Microrefugia and macroecology. In: T. E. Lovejoy and L. Hannah (Eds.), Climate Change and Biodiversity (pp. 157–160). Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
Miles, L., Grainger, A., and Phillips, O. (2004) The impact of global climate change on tropical forest diversity in Amazonia. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 13, 553–565.
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., Da Fonseca, G. A. B., and Kent, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403, 853–858.
O’Neill, B. C. and Oppenheimer, M. (2002) Climate change: Dangerous climate impacts and the Kyoto Protocol. Science, 296, 1971–1972.
Overpeck, J., Whitlock, C., and Huntley, B. (2003) Terrestrial biosphere dynamics in the climate system: Past and future. In: K. D. Alverson, R. S. Bradley, and T. F. Pederson (Eds.),Paleoclimate, Global Change, and the Future (pp. 81–109). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Pacheco, M. (2001) Impacts of climate change on tropical forest plants. Unpublished work
Parmesan, C. and Yohe, G. (2003) A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature, 421, 37–42.
Peters, R. L. and Darling, J. D. S. (1985) The greenhouse effect and nature reserves. BioScience, 35, 707–717.
Pielke, R. A. (2001) Influence of the spatial distribution of vegetation and soils on the prediction of cumulus convective rainfall. Reviews of Goephysics, 39, 151–177.
Pitman, A., Pielke, R., Avissar, R., Claussen, M., Gash, J., and Dolman, H. (2000) The role of land surface in weather and climate: Does the land surface matter. IGBP Newsletter, 39, 4–24.
Rodrigues, A. S. L., Andelman, S. J., Bakarr, M. I., Boitani, L., Brooks, T. M., Cowling, R. M., Fishpool, L. D. C., da Fonseca, G. A. B., Gaston, K. J., Hoffmann, M. et al. (2004) Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity. Nature, 428, 640–643.
Root, T., Price, J. T., Hall, K. R., Schneider, S. H., Rosenzweig, C., and Pounds, J. A. (2003) Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants. Nature, 421, 57–60.
Salm, R. V., Coles, S. L., West, J. M., Done, L. G. T., Causey, B. D., Glynn, P. W., Heyman, W., Jokiel, P., Obura, D., and Oliver, J. (2001) Coral Bleaching and Marine Protected Areas. Nature Conservancy, Honolulu, HI (102 pp.).
Sanderson, E., Jaiteh, M., Levy, M. A., Redford, K. H., Wannebo, A., and Woolmer, G. (2002) The human footprint and the last of the wild. BioScience, 52, 891–904.
Schneider, S. H. (2001) What is “dangerous” climate change? Nature, 411, 17–19.
Walther, G., Post, E., Convey, P., Menzel, A., Parmesan, C., Beebee, T. J. C., Fromentin, J., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., and Bairlein, F. (2002) Ecological responses to recent climate change. Nature, 416, 389–395.
Webb, T., Woodward, F. I., Hannah, L., and Gaston, K. J. (2005) Forest cover–rainfall relationships in a biodiversity hotspot: The Atlantic forest of Brazil. Ecological Applications, 15, 1968–1983.
Williams, P., Hannah, L., Andelman, S., Midgely, G. F., Araujo, M. B., Hughes, G., Manne, L., Martinez-Meyer, E., and Pearson, R. G. (2005) Planning for climate change: Identifying minimum-dispersal corridors for the Cape Proteaceae. Conservation Biology, 19, 1063–1074.
Willis, K. J. and Whittaker, R. J. (2000) Perspectives: Paleoecology—The refugial debate. Science, 287, 1406–1407.
Woodwell, G. M., MacKenzie, F. T., Houghton, R. A., Apps, M., Gorham, E., and Davidson, E. (1998) Biotic feedbacks in the warming of the earth. Climatic Change, 40, 495–518.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hannah, L., Lovejoy, T. (2011). Conservation, climate change, and tropical forests. In: Bush, M., Flenley, J., Gosling, W. (eds) Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change. Springer Praxis Books(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05383-2_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05383-2_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05382-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-05383-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)