Abstract
The LEP project [1] was conceived following the release of a report in 1976 by Burton Richter [2] calling for the development of an e+e−-machine to study the nature of the weak interaction. A physics program began to be defined in the late 1970s where the study of b-quarks was mentioned in the context of electroweak measurements (R b, \(A_{\textrm{FB}}^\textrm{b}\)) but ‘b-physics’ was not discussed as a research line in its own right. This was reasonable since the b-quark lifetime, although at the time unknown, was expected to be so short2 that the separation of events containing b-quarks from the rest, would be difficult.
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Notes
- 1.
Based on the assumption that the coupling between the second and third generation of fermions was of roughly the same size as that measured between the first and second generation.
- 2.
The natural choice of coordinate system is cylindrical polar coordinates \((R,\phi,z)\) with the z-axis aligned along the e+e− beam-line so that charged particles bend under the magnetic field in the \((R-\phi)\) plane i.e. the plane transverse to the z-axis.
- 3.
- 4.
In fact the \(B_c^+\) meson is expected to have a lifetime shorter even than the baryons since both quarks can decay weakly. This has recently been confirmed by the Tevatron experiments but was too rare to be measured at LEP.
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Barker, G.J. (2010). b-physics at LEP. In: b-Quark Physics with the LEP Collider. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, vol 236. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05279-8_1
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