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Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology pp 687–720Cite as

Contact Potential Difference Techniques as Probing Tools in Tribology and Surface Mapping

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Summary

Contact potential differences techniques have been adapted for continuous nondestructive monitoring of changes in the electron work function of a rubbing surface. The method can be used to investigate tribological materials for a wide range of conditions, including changes in load, sliding speed, and environment, with or without lubrication. It relies on the sensitivity of the work function to the various events, which accompany friction, for example, plastic deformation, creation of new surface of material, adsorption, oxidation, phase changes, and redistribution of alloy components. At present, this is the only method sensitive to both surface and near-surface defects and permits study of one of the two interacting surfaces during sliding. For metals and alloys, the thickness of a layer contributing to the electron work function measurement is equal to several atomic distances, that is, even traditional contact potential differences measurements is really related to nanoscale. Kelvin probe force microscopy allows to determine not only the surface topography as does atomic force microscopy, but in addition also delivers images of the surface work function on a nanometer scale. Modern contact potential differences techniques cover the range from macro/micro to nanoscales. The current paper focused on an in situ contact potential difference measurement during the sliding of materials.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to acknowledge the contributions of my colleagues Nicolay Shipitsa, Efim Fishbein, and Brendon Steele. I would like to thank Steve Danyluk and David Rigney for support and collaboration.

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  1. Belarusian National Technical University, 65 F. Skoriny Ave., bld. 17.220013, Minsk, Belarus

    Anatoly Zharin

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  1. Anatoly Zharin
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Correspondence to Anatoly Zharin .

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  1. Nanoprobe Lab. Bio- & Nanotechnology &, Ohio State University, West 19th Avenue 201, Columbus, 43210-1142, U.S.A.

    Bharat Bhushan

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Zharin, A. (2010). Contact Potential Difference Techniques as Probing Tools in Tribology and Surface Mapping. In: Bhushan, B. (eds) Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03535-7_19

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