The Used of Reference Wave for Diagnostics of Phase Singularities

Scattering of coherent optical radiation of inhomogeneous objects and media leads to formation of complex spatial distribution of the field due to interference imposing of partial waves with random amplitudes and phases. Intensity distributions of such fields are referred to as speckle-patterns [1]. The points where amplitude of the field equals zero and, as a consequence, the phase is undetermined are present at the transversal cross-section of such field. These points are referred to as the phase singularities, or amplitude zeroes, or optical vortices [2,3].